Anomalies vasculaires superficielles (« angiomes »)

Abstract

Once called “angiomas” or “vascular birthmarks”, lesions now called vascular anomalies were re-classified by the International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies (ISSVA) in two groups : vascular malformations and vascular tumours. This classification relies on the clinical, pathological, radiological and biological differences. Malformations are comprised of malformed, distorted, channels. They are slow-flow (capillary, venous or lymphatic) or fast-flow (with arteriovenous shunting). Complex combined forms exist, some being included in syndromes. Tumours grow by cellular hyperplasia, proliferation. The infantile haemangioma is the most common infantile benign tumour, while other vascular tumours recently individualised are far less frequent (i.e., congenital haemangiomas, tufted angioma, kaposiform haemangioendothelioma). Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon does not engraft on infantile haemangioma : it is a complication of either tufted angioma or kaposiform haemangioendothelioma.