{"title":"Ondansetron in the prophylaxis of acute cisplatin-induced nausea and vomiting.","authors":"M Marty","doi":"","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nausea and vomiting occur in all patients following high-dose cisplatin chemotherapy, unless an effective anti-emetic is administered. Early clinical studies therefore examined ondansetron treatment to establish an optimal dosing schedule for acute emesis. Pilot studies suggested that a daily dose of 32 mg ondansetron, given as a continuous intravenous infusion or intermittently on a mg/kg basis, gives optimum control of emesis, and was therefore selected for comparative studies. Efficacy was confirmed in two randomised, double-blind, crossover studies comparing ondansetron and metoclopramide. Ondansetron was superior to high-dose metoclopramide in controlling acute emesis and nausea, and there was a significant patient preference for ondansetron. These effects may be related to ondansetron's greater potency as a competitive 5-HT3 antagonist. In addition, ondansetron did not induce any extrapyramidal reactions, confirming the absence of any dopamine antagonist activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":11941,"journal":{"name":"European journal of cancer & clinical oncology","volume":"25 Suppl 1 ","pages":"S41-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"European journal of cancer & clinical oncology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Nausea and vomiting occur in all patients following high-dose cisplatin chemotherapy, unless an effective anti-emetic is administered. Early clinical studies therefore examined ondansetron treatment to establish an optimal dosing schedule for acute emesis. Pilot studies suggested that a daily dose of 32 mg ondansetron, given as a continuous intravenous infusion or intermittently on a mg/kg basis, gives optimum control of emesis, and was therefore selected for comparative studies. Efficacy was confirmed in two randomised, double-blind, crossover studies comparing ondansetron and metoclopramide. Ondansetron was superior to high-dose metoclopramide in controlling acute emesis and nausea, and there was a significant patient preference for ondansetron. These effects may be related to ondansetron's greater potency as a competitive 5-HT3 antagonist. In addition, ondansetron did not induce any extrapyramidal reactions, confirming the absence of any dopamine antagonist activity.