A short tool to screen self-care preparedness: cross-sectional study in general practice.

IF 2.4 4区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

Family practice Pub Date : 2024-12-02 DOI:10.1093/fampra/cmad107

Ulla Mikkonen, Nina Tusa, Sanna Sinikallio, Hannu Kautiainen, Pekka Mäntyselkä

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Abstract

Background: Self-care is crucial in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. It is important to identify patients who need support with self-care.

Objectives: This study introduces a self-care preparedness index (SCPI) and examines its associations with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and other outcomes.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of adults (n = 301) with hypertension, coronary artery disease, or diabetes in primary health care. Based on the self-care questionnaire, SCPI was formed. A higher SCPI value indicated better self-care preparedness. We examined correlations and a hypothesis of linearity between SCPI and HRQoL (15D), depressive symptoms (BDI), patient activation (PAM), and health-related outcomes (self-rated health, life satisfaction, physical activity, body mass index [BMI], waist, low-density lipoprotein). Exploratory factor analysis was used to test the construct validity of SCPI.

Results: A total of 293 patients with a mean age of 68 (54.3% women) were included in the analysis. BDI, BMI, and waist had a negative linear trend with SCPI. Self-rated health, physical activity, patient activity, and life satisfaction had a positive linear trend with SCPI. SCPI correlated with HRQoL (r = 0.31 [95% CI: 0.20 to 0.41]). Exploratory factor analysis of the SCPI scores revealed 3 factors explaining 82% of the total variance.

Conclusions: SCPI seems to identify individuals with different levels of preparedness in self-care. This provides means for health care providers to individualize the levels of support and counselling. SCPI seems to be a promising tool in primary health care but needs further validation before use in large scale trials or clinical practice.

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筛选自我保健准备的简短工具:全科实践中的横断面研究。

背景:自我保健在慢性疾病的预防和治疗中至关重要。确定需要自我护理支持的患者是很重要的。目的:本研究引入自我保健准备指数(SCPI)，并探讨其与健康相关生活质量(HRQoL)和其他结局的关系。方法:对在初级卫生保健中患有高血压、冠状动脉疾病或糖尿病的成人(n = 301)进行横断面研究。以自我保健问卷为基础，形成SCPI。SCPI值越高，表明自我护理准备越好。我们检验了SCPI与HRQoL (15D)、抑郁症状(BDI)、患者激活(PAM)和健康相关结局(自评健康、生活满意度、体力活动、体重指数(BMI)、腰围、低密度脂蛋白)之间的相关性和线性假设。采用探索性因子分析对SCPI的结构效度进行检验。结果:共纳入293例患者，平均年龄68岁(54.3%为女性)。BDI、BMI、腰围与SCPI呈负线性关系。自评健康、体力活动、患者活动和生活满意度与SCPI呈线性正相关。SCPI与HRQoL相关(r = 0.31 [95% CI: 0.20 ~ 0.41])。SCPI评分的探索性因子分析显示，3个因素解释了总方差的82%。结论:SCPI似乎可以识别不同自我保健准备水平的个体。这为卫生保健提供者提供了个性化支持和咨询水平的手段。SCPI在初级卫生保健中似乎是一个很有前途的工具，但在大规模试验或临床实践中使用之前需要进一步验证。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Family practice 医学-医学：内科

CiteScore

4.30

自引率

9.10%

发文量

144

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Family Practice is an international journal aimed at practitioners, teachers, and researchers in the fields of family medicine, general practice, and primary care in both developed and developing countries. Family Practice offers its readership an international view of the problems and preoccupations in the field, while providing a medium of instruction and exploration. The journal''s range and content covers such areas as health care delivery, epidemiology, public health, and clinical case studies. The journal aims to be interdisciplinary and contributions from other disciplines of medicine and social science are always welcomed.