Insect ear-feeding impacts Gibberella ear rot and deoxynivalenol accumulation in corn grain

IF 0.8 Q3 AGRONOMY

Crop, Forage and Turfgrass Management Pub Date : 2023-10-26 DOI:10.1002/cft2.20258

Maninder P. Singh, Christina D. DiFonzo, Katlin M. Fusilier, Harkirat Kaur, Martin I. Chilvers

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Abstract

High deoxynivalenol (DON) levels in corn (Zea mays L.) is a grain quality issue for many growers in the US Great Lakes region. High DON levels can be attributed to the interaction of environment, pathogen (Fusarium spp. causing ear rot), and hybrid susceptibility. However, ear-feeding insects can provide easy access for fungal infection and increase DON accumulation, hence the evaluation of insect protection strategies such as hybrid insecticidal proteins is crucial. Field trials were conducted at four locations in Michigan to study the impact of hybrids insect protection trait on ear injury, ear rot infection, and DON levels. Fungicide application (prothioconazole at silking stage) was conducted at two locations and included non-treated control. Insect feeding incidence (IFI) and ear rot incidence (ERI) were correlated at three locations but were stronger at locations with environments not conducive to fungal growth soon after silking. Correlation between IFI and DON was observed only at locations with highest insect pressure. Hybrid with Vip3A protein reduced IFI by >70% at all locations but lowered DON concentration at one out of three tested locations compared to non-Vip3A hybrids. Fungicide application reduced ear rot severity at one of two locations but did not impact ERI or DON levels. Overall, results showed that ear-feeding by insects can lead to an increase in ear rot and DON levels, and use of hybrids with Vip3A protein can reduce DON levels especially under high insect pressure.

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昆虫食穗影响玉米粒中吉伯菌穗腐病和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇的积累

玉米（Zea mays L.）中的高脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）含量是美国五大湖区许多种植者面临的谷物质量问题。DON 含量高可能是环境、病原体（引起穗腐病的镰刀菌属）和杂交种易感性相互作用的结果。然而，食穗昆虫可为真菌感染提供方便，并增加 DON 的积累，因此对昆虫保护策略（如杂交杀虫蛋白）的评估至关重要。在密歇根州的四个地点进行了田间试验，研究杂交种的防虫性状对穗伤、穗腐病感染和 DON 水平的影响。在两个地点进行了杀菌剂施用试验（在吐丝期施用丙硫菌唑），其中包括未施用杀菌剂的对照。三个地点的虫蛀发生率（IFI）和穗腐发生率（ERI）存在相关性，但在产丝后不久不利于真菌生长的地点，虫蛀发生率和穗腐发生率的相关性更强。只有在虫害压力最大的地点才观察到 IFI 和 DON 之间的相关性。与不含 Vip3A 蛋白质的杂交种相比，含 Vip3A 蛋白质的杂交种在所有地点的 IFI 降低了 70%，但在三个测试地点中有一个地点的 DON 浓度降低了。杀真菌剂的施用降低了两个地点中一个地点的穗腐病严重程度，但对ERI或DON水平没有影响。总之，研究结果表明，昆虫啃食果穗会导致穗腐病和 DON 含量增加，使用含有 Vip3A 蛋白质的杂交种可以降低 DON 含量，尤其是在昆虫压力较大的情况下。

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来源期刊

Crop, Forage and Turfgrass Management Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agronomy and Crop Science

CiteScore

1.30

自引率

16.70%

发文量

期刊介绍： Crop, Forage & Turfgrass Management is a peer-reviewed, international, electronic journal covering all aspects of applied crop, forage and grazinglands, and turfgrass management. The journal serves the professions related to the management of crops, forages and grazinglands, and turfgrass by publishing research, briefs, reviews, perspectives, and diagnostic and management guides that are beneficial to researchers, practitioners, educators, and industry representatives.