Molecular regulation and genetic basis of gonadotropin-releasing hormone genes: A review

4区农林科学 Q4 Veterinary

International Journal of Applied Research in Veterinary Medicine Pub Date : 2023-10-10 DOI:10.31893/avr.2023017

Ahmed A. Saleh, Nada N. A. M. Hassanine, Taha K. Taha, Amr M. A. Rashad, Mahmoud A. Sharaby

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Abstract

This review systematically introduces basic information on the hypothalamic pituitary-gonad axis and provides knowledge on the regulation, location, function, reproduction, gene mutations, disorders, sexual behavior, life cycle, and effect of environmental factors on the gonadotropin-releasing hormone gene. On the other hand, this review focused on the GnRH gene, regulations, receptor structures, and their signaling pathways, in addition to its related genes and its effect on crucial hormones such as follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, testosterone, estradiol, and progesterone. Additionally, gonadotropin-inhibiting hormone and its related peptides, such as R-Famide peptides, were found to decrease hormone secretion by working on the hypothalamic pituitary gonads axis to inhibit the biosynthesis process of gonadotropin alpha and beta subunits. Additionally, the roles of crucial hormones in reproduction and fertility, as well as the disruption, resulted from mutations. Special characteristics of several hormones and pulsatile secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone were also summarized.

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促性腺激素释放激素基因的分子调控及其遗传基础研究进展

本文系统介绍了下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴的基本信息，对促性腺激素释放激素基因的调控、定位、功能、生殖、基因突变、疾病、性行为、生命周期以及环境因素的影响等方面进行了综述。另一方面，本文综述了GnRH基因、调控、受体结构及其信号通路，以及其相关基因及其对促卵泡激素、黄体生成素、睾酮、雌二醇和黄体酮等关键激素的影响。此外，促性腺激素抑制激素及其相关肽，如R-Famide肽，被发现通过作用于下丘脑垂体性腺轴，抑制促性腺激素α和β亚基的生物合成过程，从而减少激素分泌。此外，关键激素在生殖和生育中的作用以及破坏都是由突变引起的。综述了几种激素的特点及促性腺激素释放激素的脉动性分泌。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Applied Research in Veterinary Medicine 农林科学-兽医学

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Applied Research in Veterinary Medicine promotes excellence in the clinical practice of veterinary medicine by disseminating fundamental scientific, diagnostic, and treatment knowledge gained from prospective and retrospective research in a timely manner. The Journal fulfills its mission through rapid peer review of each submitted article, and publication of all articles within 90 days of acceptance. All published articles meet the standards of Balance, Independence, Objectivity and Scientific Rigor.