Incidence and Outcome of Childhood Acute Leukemia in A Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh Armed Forces

Dhaka Shishu, Children, Hospital journal Pub Date : 2023-06-21 DOI:10.3329/dshj.v38i1.66997

Kamrun Nahar, Shormin Ara Ferdousi, Ahmed Rashidul Hasan, Afiqul Islam, Azizul Islam

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Abstract

Background: Worldwide cancer is the second leading cause of death in children under 15 years and acute leukemia is the most prevalent cancer among children. Objective: The objective of the study was to analyze the incidence and overall outcome of childhood leukemia patients aged 0-12 years in Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Dhaka. Methods: It was a retrospective cross-sectional study. Children below 12 years of age with confirmed diagnosis of leukemia and received treatment from the paediatric oncology unit of department of paediatrics of CMH, Dhaka were taken for this study. Data has been collected from Hospital based cancer registry records from 2011 to 2021. There present status has been collected from regular OPD or by phone calls. Results: The commonest cancer was found Acute Leukemia (52%), among them Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) 83.15% and Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) 16.85%. Morphological (FAB classification) sub-divisions revealed ALL-L2 (31%) was the commonest group for ALL. In case of AML, AML-M3 (APML) was the commonest (27%). Immunophenotyping of cells revealed Pre-B ALL was the commonest. Cytogenetic analysis revealed ETV6-RUNX1 (21%), t(1;19) ((q23,p13) E2A/PBX1 (11%) were two most common genetic abnormalities found in ALL and t(15;17) (q22;q12) M3,M3v PML-RARA was the commonest cytogenetic abnormalities and (8;21) (q22;q22) RUNX1/RUNX1T1 for AML. In case of ALL overall survival was 54% and in case of AML 40%. About 10% of patients reported relapses. Conclusion: Incidence of acute leukemia was the highest among all childhood cancer. At the end of the study, overall survival was 52% of cases, and relapses were seen in 10% of cases. DS (Child) H J 2021; 38(1): 17-26

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孟加拉国武装部队三级医院儿童急性白血病的发病率和预后

背景:世界范围内，癌症是15岁以下儿童死亡的第二大原因，急性白血病是儿童中最常见的癌症。目的:分析达卡联合军队医院0 ~ 12岁儿童白血病的发病率及预后。方法:采用回顾性横断面研究。研究对象为12岁以下经确诊为白血病并在达卡CMH儿科儿科肿瘤科接受治疗的儿童。数据是从2011年至2021年的医院癌症登记记录中收集的。目前的状况已通过常规门诊或电话收集。结果:最常见的肿瘤是急性白血病(52%)，其中急性淋巴母细胞白血病(ALL) 83.15%，急性髓系白血病(AML) 16.85%。形态学(FAB分类)细分显示ALL- l2(31%)是ALL最常见的组。AML以AML- m3 (APML)最为常见(27%)。细胞免疫分型显示Pre-B ALL是最常见的。细胞遗传学分析显示，ETV6-RUNX1(21%)、t(1;19) (q23,p13) E2A/PBX1(11%)是ALL中最常见的两种遗传异常，t(15;17) (q22;q12) M3、M3v PML-RARA和(8;21)(q22;q22) RUNX1/RUNX1T1是AML中最常见的两种细胞遗传学异常。ALL的总生存率为54%，AML的总生存率为40%。约10%的患者报告复发。结论:急性白血病在儿童肿瘤中发病率最高。研究结束时，总生存率为52%，复发率为10%。 DS(儿童)H J 2021;38 (1): 17-26

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Dhaka Shishu, Children, Hospital journal

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