The trauma of war: implications for future generations in Ukraine (comparison with the Eastern European countries that were at war at the end of the 20th century)

International Journal of Environmental Studies Pub Date : 2023-10-10 DOI:10.1080/00207233.2023.2267388

Elona Limaj, Oleg M. Yaroshenko, Nataliia O. Melnychuk, Olena V. Moskalenko, Jun-Ki Chung

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Abstract

ABSTRACTThis paper reviews work on psychological trauma related to armed conflict in Eastern Europe and Ukraine and on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Any aggression evokes emotions of fear, anger, despair, horror, confusion, and hatred. The research aims to determine the psychological consequences caused by the current hostilities that younger generations of Ukrainians will face in the future and compare them with similar experiences in Eastern European countries. The research results showed the presence of signs of depression and PTSD in all categories of respondents. The severe social and psychological problems caused by the hostilities in Ukraine have negative impact on family ties and intergenerational interaction. There need to be psychological forms of help that can improve the lives of victims and can prevent the negative impact of trauma on future generations.KEYWORDS: post-traumatic stress disordermental health Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

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战争的创伤:对乌克兰后代的影响(与20世纪末处于战争中的东欧国家的比较)

摘要本文综述了有关东欧和乌克兰武装冲突的心理创伤和创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)的研究进展。任何侵略都会引起恐惧、愤怒、绝望、恐惧、困惑和仇恨的情绪。这项研究旨在确定乌克兰年轻一代未来将面临的当前敌对行动所造成的心理后果，并将其与东欧国家的类似经历进行比较。研究结果显示，所有类型的受访者都有抑郁和创伤后应激障碍的迹象。乌克兰境内敌对行动造成的严重社会和心理问题对家庭关系和代际交往产生了消极影响。需要提供心理上的帮助，以改善受害者的生活，防止创伤对后代造成负面影响。关键词:创伤后应激障碍健康披露声明作者未报告潜在的利益冲突。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Environmental Studies Social Sciences-Geography, Planning and Development

CiteScore

3.30

自引率

0.00%

发文量

121

期刊介绍： For more than 45 years, the International Journal of Environmental Studies has been pre-eminent in its field. The environment is understood to comprise the natural and the man-made, and their interactions; including such matters as pollution, health effects, analytical methods, political approaches, social impacts etc. Papers favouring an interdisciplinary approach are preferred, because the evidence of more than 45 years appears to be that many intellectual tools and many causes and effects are at issue in any environmental problem - and its solution. This does not mean that a single focus or a narrow view is unwelcome; provided always that the evidence is indicated and the method is robust. Pragmatic decision-making and applicable policies are subjects of interest, together with the problems in establishing facts about dynamic systems where long periods of observation and precise measurement may be difficult to secure. In other words, a systems or holistic approach to the environment and a scientific analysis are complementary, and the distinction between ’hard’ and ’soft’ science is bridged in most of the papers published. These may be on any item in the agenda of environmental science: land, water, food, conservation, population, risk analysis, energy, economics of ecological and non-ecological approaches, social advocacy of arguments for change, legal measures, implications of urbanism, energy choices, waste disposal, recycling, transport systems and other issues of mass society. There is concern also for marginal areas, under-developed societies, minorities, species loss; and indeed no element of the subject of environmental studies, seen in an international and interactive mode, is excluded.