Study on Rheological and Stability of Natural Derived Carbon Nanosphere Nanofluids

Huei Ruey Ong, Wan Mohd Eqhwan Iskandar Wan Saiful Bahri, Amar Hisyam Harun, Md. Maksudur Rahman Khan, Chi Shein Hong, Muhammad Khairul Anuar Mohamed
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Abstract

In this work, carbon nanosphere derived from a waste rice husk (RH) were prepared through chemical treatment and calcination process. Moreover, the carbon nanofluids (CNF) were developed using simple chemical treatment assisted by ultrasound technique. Different composition of carbon nanosphere (CNS) were taken into experiment to determine the optimum and best properties. Ultrasound techniques were introduced in this study to reduce the agglomeration of the particle. Surface morphology of CNS were analysed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The sphere shape from the particle/grain were identified from the nanoparticle and proves the terms of “nanosphere”. Viscosity of the nanofluids were studied by rheological testing (Antoon PAR, MAR 3). Flow curve of nanofluids showed that at minimum inclusion of CNS improved the stress of the fluid significantly. More to the addition, dynamic viscosity measure possesses that addition of CNS stabilized the properties of the fluid compared to virgin base fluid. The stability of the CNF was investigated through UV-Vis. Findings shows that, the stability of the nanofluids stabilized starting from 1 week onwards as evidenced by UV-Visible spectrophotometer analysis. Furthermore, little to no precipitate noticed even after 8 weeks. This work offers greener approach for nanofluids which organic derived and environmentally friendly (very low percentage of nanoparticle, 0.02 vol% (equivalent to 0.002 wt %).
天然衍生碳纳米球纳米流体的流变性和稳定性研究
以废稻壳为原料,通过化学处理和煅烧法制备了纳米碳球。此外,利用超声技术辅助下的简单化学处理方法制备了碳纳米流体(CNF)。对不同组成的碳纳米球(CNS)进行了实验,以确定其最佳性能。在本研究中引入了超声技术来减少颗粒的团聚。用扫描电镜(SEM)分析了CNS的表面形貌。从纳米颗粒中识别出颗粒/颗粒的球形,证明了“纳米球”的说法。通过流变学测试(Antoon PAR, mar3)研究了纳米流体的粘度。纳米流体的流动曲线表明,CNS的最小包裹体显著改善了流体的应力。此外,动态粘度测试表明,CNS的加入使流体的性能相对于原液稳定。通过紫外-可见光谱研究了CNF的稳定性。紫外-可见分光光度计分析结果表明,纳米流体的稳定性从1周开始稳定。此外,即使在8周后,也几乎没有发现沉淀。这项工作为有机衍生和环境友好的纳米流体(非常低的纳米颗粒百分比,0.02 vol%(相当于0.002 wt %))提供了更环保的方法。
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