Gendered Understanding and Experiences of Sexual Harassment: Informing a Policy Framework for Higher Education Institutions

Reema Nunlall, Francois Steyn
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Abstract

Sexual harassment policies in South African higher education institutions show variations in focus and content. In this study, we set out to determine students’ understandings and experiences of sexual harassment with the broader aim of informing a framework that higher education institutions could use to strengthen their sexual harassment policies. A total of 640 (of a potential 2 222) students completed an online survey that, among other things, incorporated the Sexual Experience Questionnaire. Non-parametric procedures were used to identify significant gender differences and effect sizes in students’ understandings and experiences of sexual harassment. More female students experienced some form of sexual harassment, and they were more likely to recognise different types of verbal sexual harassment (possibly because they present a broader definition of harassment). The female students appeared less tolerant of harassment behaviour, but they were significantly more hesitant to report sexual harassment than the male students. In addition, the female students were less likely to consider themselves familiar with the guidelines on reporting incidents of sexual harassment and they were more likely to feel that perpetrators get away with harassment behaviour than the male students. Both male and female students indicated that sexual harassment is more likely to occur between student groups than between students and lecturers. The male and female students expressed strong support for the proposed policy components, including defining sexual harassment, procedures for reporting and disciplinary sanctions for sexual harassment.
性骚扰的性别理解和经验:为高等教育机构提供政策框架
南非高等教育机构的性骚扰政策在重点和内容上有所不同。在这项研究中,我们着手确定学生对性骚扰的理解和经历,其更广泛的目标是为高等教育机构提供一个框架,以加强其性骚扰政策。总共有640名(潜在的2222名)学生完成了一项在线调查,其中包括性体验问卷。本研究采用非参数程序来确定学生对性骚扰的理解和经历的显著性别差异和效应大小。更多的女学生经历过某种形式的性骚扰,她们更有可能识别出不同类型的口头性骚扰(可能是因为她们对性骚扰的定义更广泛)。女学生对性骚扰行为的容忍度较低,但与男学生相比,她们在举报性骚扰时明显更犹豫。此外,女学生不太可能认为自己熟悉报告性骚扰事件的指导方针,她们更有可能认为肇事者在骚扰行为中逃脱了惩罚。男女学生都表示,性骚扰更可能发生在学生群体之间,而不是学生和老师之间。男女学生表示强烈支持拟议的政策组成部分,包括界定性骚扰、报告程序和对性骚扰的纪律制裁。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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