Investigating the predictive relations between self-efficacy and achievement goals on procedural and conceptual science learning

IF 2 4区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH
Kelly Boden, Eric Kuo, Timothy J. Nokes-Malach, Tanner Wallace, Muhsin Menekse
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

AbstractSelf-efficacy and achievement goals represent two extensively researched motivational factors in education and have been related to numerous academic outcomes. However, little is known about how they relate to different types of problem-solving. Furthermore, while prior work has found these motivational factors are related, less work has examined them over time, during learning, and controlling for prior knowledge. The current study investigated the relations between these motivational constructs and procedural and conceptual problem-solving in middle school science. Sixth-grade science students’ self-efficacy and achievement goals were surveyed along with procedural and conceptual problem-solving before and after instruction. Results revealed students’ self-efficacy was positively correlated with both procedural and conceptual posttest performance. However, controlling for prior knowledge, self-efficacy only predicted conceptual performance. No relations were found between achievement goals and procedural or conceptual problem-solving. Additionally, results found that changes in mastery-approach goals were positively related to changes in self-efficacy beliefs.Keywords: Achievement goalsconceptualproblem solvingproceduralself-efficacy AcknowledgmentsPortions of these results were presented at the 2017 American Association of Physics Teachers Summer Meeting and the Physics Education Research Conference, the 58th Meeting of the Psychonomic Society, the 2018 NARST 91st International Annual Conference, and the 6th International Workshop on Advanced Learning Sciences. We thank Emily Wenz, Breanna Wallbaum, Morgan Endlein, and Quentin King-Shepard for their assistance in coding data.Ethical approvalThe described research was conducted in accordance with ethical standards, following a protocol approved by our Institutional Review Board.Notes1 Given reliability for pre-survey performance-approach and -avoidance was fairly low, a CFA for pre-survey achievement goal items was performed. Goodness-of-fit scores were in acceptable ranges. Supplementary Appendix A includes these analyses.2 To ensure students weren’t guessing on multiple choice items, the probability of guessing was calculated. Eight multiple choice items had 35 possible choices. A student guessing would be estimated to receive score of .23 (8/35). One-sample t-tests were conducted to test whether students’ means were significantly higher than .23. For both pre (M = .52) and posttest (M = .60), students’ means were significantly higher than .23 (p’s < .001), suggesting students were not merely guessing.3 Since changes in self-efficacy and achievement goals are mathematically constrained by their pre-level (i.e., higher levels of pre-self-efficacy mean higher gains are not possible), we included each motivational pre-level as covariates. ΔMAP remains the only significant variable. Supplementary Appendix C includes these analyses.Additional informationFundingThis research was supported by grant DUE-1534829 from the National Science Foundation and grant No. 22020483 from the James S. McDonnell Foundation. No endorsement should be inferred.
程序科学与概念科学学习自我效能感与成就目标的预测关系研究
摘要自我效能感和成就目标是两个被广泛研究的教育动机因素,并与许多学术成果有关。然而,人们对它们与不同类型的问题解决之间的关系知之甚少。此外,虽然先前的研究已经发现这些动机因素是相关的,但随着时间的推移,在学习过程中,以及对先前知识的控制,研究这些因素的工作较少。本研究旨在探讨这些动机构念与中学科学过程性和概念性问题解决的关系。对六年级理科学生的自我效能感和成就目标进行了调查,并对教学前后的程序性和概念性问题解决进行了调查。结果显示,学生的自我效能感与程序性和概念性后测表现均呈正相关。而在控制了先验知识后,自我效能感仅能预测概念绩效。没有发现成就目标和程序性或概念性问题解决之间的关系。此外,结果发现,掌握接近目标的变化与自我效能感信念的变化呈正相关。研究结果部分发表在2017年美国物理教师协会夏季会议和物理教育研究会议、第58届心理学会会议、2018年NARST第91届国际年会和第六届国际高级学习科学研讨会上。我们感谢Emily Wenz, Breanna Wallbaum, Morgan Endlein和Quentin King-Shepard在编码数据方面的帮助。伦理批准所描述的研究是按照伦理标准进行的,遵循我们的机构审查委员会批准的协议。注1考虑到调查前的绩效方法和回避的信度相当低,对调查前的成就目标项目进行了CFA。拟合优度得分在可接受的范围内。补充附录A包括这些分析为了确保学生不会在多项选择题中猜测,他们计算了猜测的概率。8个选择题有35个选项。猜测的学生将获得0.23分(8/35)。采用单样本t检验检验学生的均值是否显著高于0.23。对于前测试(M = .52)和后测试(M = .60),学生的平均值显著高于0.23 (p < .001),这表明学生不仅仅是猜测由于自我效能和成就目标的变化在数学上受到其前水平的限制(即,较高的前自我效能水平意味着不可能获得更高的收益),我们将每个动机前水平作为协变量包括在内。ΔMAP仍然是唯一重要的变量。补充附录C包括这些分析。本研究由美国国家科学基金会DUE-1534829号拨款和James S. McDonnell基金会22020483号拨款支持。不应推断任何背书。
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来源期刊
Journal of Educational Research
Journal of Educational Research EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH-
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
26
期刊介绍: The Journal of Educational Research is a well-known and respected periodical that reaches an international audience of educators and others concerned with cutting-edge theories and proposals. For more than 100 years, the journal has contributed to the advancement of educational practice in elementary and secondary schools by judicious study of the latest trends, examination of new procedures, evaluation of traditional practices, and replication of previous research for validation. The journal is an invaluable resource for teachers, counselors, supervisors, administrators, curriculum planners, and educational researchers as they consider the structure of tomorrow''s curricula. Special issues examine major education issues in depth. Topics of recent themes include methodology, motivation, and literacy. The Journal of Educational Research publishes manuscripts that describe or synthesize research of direct relevance to educational practice in elementary and secondary schools, pre-K–12. Special consideration is given to articles that focus on variables that can be manipulated in educational settings. Although the JER does not publish validation studies, the Editors welcome many varieties of research--experiments, evaluations, ethnographies, narrative research, replications, and so forth.
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