Malignant Skin Tumors seen in Nigeria Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital Nnewi: A 10-year Review (January 2008 to December 2017)

Nnamdi Sergius Ozor, Ifeoma Florence Ezejiofor, Ogochukwu Ifeanyichukwu Ezejiofor, Felix Emeka Menkiti, Kingsley C Madubuike, Chinedu Onwuka Ndukwe, Michael Emeka Chiemeka, Emeka Osonwa
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Abstract

Abstract Background: Skin malignancy rank among the most common malignancies involving both sexes. Basal cell carcinoma is reported as the commonest malignancy even though studies have implicated Squamous cell carcinoma as the commonest especially in the tropic regions of the world. Aims and Objectives: This study aims at determining the base line data, frequency and trends of malignant skin tumours in Nnewi, Nigeria. It also implores the use of World Health Organization (WHO) in classification of skin malignancy. Materials and Methods: This study reviewed all histologically diagnosed skin malignancies at Histopathology department of Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital (NAUTH), Nnewi, Nigeria from 2008 to 2017 and classified them using 2021 World Health Organization (WHO) skin tumour book. Results: A total of 387 skin biopsies were received in the Histopathology department during the study period. Out of these, 110 cases were malignant skin lesions (28.4%) majority were benign lesions. Keratinocytic or epidermal tumours were the most common (n: 54 cases; 49.1%) with squamous cell carcinoma being the commonest in the group (n: 34; 30.9%) followed by mesenchymal or soft tissue neoplasm (n:31 cases; 28.1%), melanocytic tumours (19.1%), skin adnexal tumour (2.7%) and haematolymphoid tumour (0.9%). The head and neck region (n: 49; 44.5%) was the commonest site of occurence of cutaneous neoplasms followed by lower limb (n: 32; 29.1%), groin (n:10; 9.1%), upper limb and trunk with 6 cases each (5.5%) Four (4) cases of Albinos with skin malignancies were seen in this research with a frequency of 3.6%. Fifty nine cases (53.6%) out of 110 malignant skin tumour were seen in males, while 51 (46.4%) of them were females, therefore the male to female ratio was 1.2:1. The mean age of those with malignant skin tumours was 52.9 years. Patients above 60 years of age constituted 57.3% while those less than 30 years constituted 14.5 % of the total malignant skin tumours. Conclusion: The frequencies of different morphologic patterns of malignant skin tumours in our environment were different from those reported in western countries. However, it is similar to most studies done in the Midwestern Nigeria tertiary hospitals with squamous cell carcinoma being the commonest skin malignancy followed by kaposi sarcoma.
尼日利亚Nnamdi Azikiwe大学教学医院Nnewi恶性皮肤肿瘤:10年回顾(2008年1月至2017年12月)
背景:皮肤恶性肿瘤是男女最常见的恶性肿瘤之一。据报道基底细胞癌是最常见的恶性肿瘤,尽管研究表明鳞状细胞癌是最常见的,特别是在世界热带地区。目的和目的:本研究旨在确定尼日利亚Nnewi地区恶性皮肤肿瘤的基线数据、频率和趋势。它还恳求使用世界卫生组织(世卫组织)的皮肤恶性肿瘤分类。材料和方法:本研究回顾了2008年至2017年尼日利亚Nnewi Nnamdi Azikiwe大学教学医院(NAUTH)组织病理学部门组织学诊断的所有皮肤恶性肿瘤,并使用2021年世界卫生组织(WHO)皮肤肿瘤手册对其进行分类。结果:研究期间组织病理科共接受皮肤活检387例。其中恶性皮损110例(28.4%),绝大多数为良性皮损。角化细胞或表皮肿瘤最常见(54例;49.1%),其中鳞状细胞癌最常见(n: 34;30.9%),其次是间质或软组织肿瘤(31例;28.1%),黑素细胞肿瘤(19.1%),皮肤附件肿瘤(2.7%)和血淋巴肿瘤(0.9%)。头颈部(n: 49;44.5%)是皮肤肿瘤最常见的发生部位,其次是下肢(n: 32;29.1%),腹股沟(n:10;9.1%),上肢和躯干各6例(5.5%)。本组白化病合并皮肤恶性肿瘤4例(4例),发生率为3.6%。110例皮肤恶性肿瘤中男性59例(53.6%),女性51例(46.4%),男女比例为1.2:1。恶性皮肤肿瘤患者的平均年龄为52.9岁。60岁以上患者占57.3%,30岁以下患者占14.5%。结论:我国环境中不同形态的恶性皮肤肿瘤的发生频率与西方国家报道的不同。然而,它与在尼日利亚中西部三级医院进行的大多数研究相似,鳞状细胞癌是最常见的皮肤恶性肿瘤,其次是卡波西肉瘤。
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