Evaluating Perceptual and Emotional Responses according to Visual Elements in Exposed Concrete Spatial Images

Abstract

Exposed concrete is a widely used finishing material for interior spaces, despite criticism for its perceived cold and monotonous qualities. This study examines the emotions and perceptions that exposed concrete elicits in people. The survey data was analyzed using images of four types visual elements of exposed concrete space (straight line, curve, color, and wood) and a questionnaire using the Semantic Differential (SD) method, analyzed with the SPSS 25 statistical analysis program. The results reveal that people associate exposed concrete finishing materials primarily with food and beverage and cultural spaces. Furthermore, younger generations tend to have a positive perception of exposed concrete finishing materials for indoor spaces, suggesting the possibility of further expansion in their use. The vocabulary used to describe the four types of exposed concrete spaces (comfortable, modern, sophisticated, and contemporary) represents the typical sensibility associated with exposed concrete spaces. Finally, based on the classification of positive and negative words, the color combination was identified as the most friendly and comfortable exposed concrete space, followed by curves, straight lines, and wooden materials with geometric patterns and arrangements. This study provides essential data for future research on indoor exposed concrete and exposed concrete space production.