LoRa Sensor Node Mounted on Drone for Monitoring Industrial Area Gas Pollution

Abstract

One of the biggest threats to human health is air pollution, which significantly influences people. Due to challenges like industrial and rural locations, where sensing frequently falls short of providing sufficient information about air quality, it is challenging to collect data close to pollution sources. Government-led statically deployed stationary monitors are typically used for air quality monitoring. However, many emissions that contribute to air pollution are erratic and unpredictable. A significant problem for environmental protection will be how to monitor air pollution emissions dynamically and efficiently. It can fulfill two objectives. The first is that if the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) is flying to a remotely monitored target, it can relay the detected data back to the server in real-time. This work aims to suggest an innovative mobile wireless air pollution monitoring system comprising UAVs with inexpensive air pollution sensors that transmit data over Long Range (LoRa). The outcomes also demonstrated that LoRa Radio transmitter sx1278 could transmit data for distances up to 5km in urban areas. The system was tested successfully at two sites in the Ewairij industrial area south of Baghdad, and the data was received at the base station from the sensor Node, which is carried by the drone during its flight for a distance of 1.5 km and height of 20 meters, round trip. As a result, the industrial areas were classified according to the Air Quality Index (AQI) between satisfactory to moderate according to gas concentrations. The highest gas carbon monoxide (CO) concentration increase was close to dangerous in both sites, as it recorded 9.75µg/m3 in site#1 and 7.75µg/m3 in site#2. In conclusion, the AQI did not reach a poor level in these tested areas.