Blast Disease Behavior in Some Boro Rice Varieties of Bangladesh and Development of Induced Resistance System Against Blast Disease through Selected Novel Chemicals

Shammy Akter, Hosna Ara Chowdhury Nisha, Raihan Ferdous, Rifat Ara Sultana, Sanzida Hoque, Md. Belal Hossain
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Abstract

Chronologically two experiments have been conducted during the period from October 2018 to May 2019 and July 2019 to June 2020 at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Bangladesh for the identification of one of the best rice varieties and chemicals against blast disease. In a field experiment, eight boro rice varieties were evaluated (five inbreed varieties, two high-yielding varieties, and one wild variety) to observe varietal performances against blast disease. A pot experiment was also performed to study the resistance behavior of the tested varieties in an in-vitro condition by applying silica powder, K2SiO3, salicylic acid, cattle urine (both normal and pregnant cows), and PPN. Field study revealed that the wild variety was highly resistant (incidence and severity 0%) whereas BRRI dhan58 was susceptible (incidence 21.48% and severity 60.48%). Wild variety was also characterized by the highest tiller number (20.73), panicle length (24.90 cm), fresh grain weight (62.30 g), and dry grain weight (51.70 g). The highest number of panicles was recorded in BRRI dhan28 (18.40) which was statistically like the wild variety (17.50). Though wild variety performed best in another parameter it gave the lowest amount of yield (4.77 kg/plot). In morphological studies of pathogen, pyriform-shaped conidia were found in a sympodial fashion on conidiophores whose size varied from 22.13 to 28.47 μm × 9.13 to 11.72 μm (average 25.30×10.43 μm). The second experiment revealed that all selected novel chemicals showed some extent of resistance but the cattle urine, PPN, and K2SiO3 showed a promising effect. Koch’s postulate test for the experiment confirmed the causal organism of blast disease is Magnaporthe oryzaein artificially inoculated plants.
孟加拉国部分水稻品种的稻瘟病行为及新药剂诱导抗性体系的建立
按照时间顺序,2018年10月至2019年5月和2019年7月至2020年6月在孟加拉国Sher-e-Bangla农业大学进行了两项试验,以确定抗稻瘟病的最佳水稻品种之一和化学品。在田间试验中,对8个水稻品种(5个近交系品种、2个高产品种和1个野生品种)的抗稻瘟病性能进行了评价。盆栽试验采用硅粉、K2SiO3、水杨酸、牛尿(正常奶牛和怀孕奶牛)和PPN,在体外条件下研究供试品种的抗性行为。野外研究结果表明,野生品种高抗(发病率和严重程度均为0%),BRRI dhan58易感(发病率21.48%,严重程度60.48%)。野生品种分蘖数(20.73)、穗长(24.90 cm)、鲜粒重(62.30 g)、干粒重(51.70 g)均最高,其中穗数最多的品种为BRRI dhan28(18.40),与野生品种(17.50)相差无几。虽然野生品种在其他参数上表现最好,但产量最低(4.77 kg/小区)。在病原菌的形态学研究中,分生孢子在分生孢子上以合生方式存在梨形分生孢子,大小为22.13 ~ 28.47 μm × 9.13 ~ 11.72 μm(平均25.30×10.43 μm)。第二个实验表明,所有选择的新化学物质都表现出一定程度的耐药性,但牛尿、PPN和K2SiO3表现出良好的效果。科赫对实验的假设检验证实了稻瘟病的致病生物是人工接种植物的稻瘟病病菌。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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