Energy Transition Policy and Forest Protection in the Republic of Mali and Azerbaijan: Analysis of Potentialities and Assets for Sustainable Development

Abstract

The energy transition is a challenge and an urgency for the world facing the scarcity of fossil fuels and their impacts in the ecosystems by climate change. Through this study, we wanted to assess the potential of new and renewable energies in the Republic of Mali and Azerbaijan in view of their promotion for the preservation of forest areas, in a world facing the challenges of global warming. The methodology was based on documentary collection and documentary exploitation and analysis of cartographic data, tables and other figures. The study revealed to us the high frequency of the potential of these so-called energies, especially solar in Mali and hydraulic, wind and solar in Azerbaijan and the commitment of the authorities of these States to promote the energy transition but also the dependence of these States on fossils such as: oil and gas. The Republic of Azerbaijan exports fossil fuels and Mali depends on imports. The transition to alternative energy resources will undeniably make it possible to reduce greenhouse gas emissions at the global level and to preserve forest ecosystems in both countries.