Jujube Witches' Broom ("Zaofeng") Disease: Bacteria that Drive the Plants Crazy

Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Fruit Growing Research Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.48130/frures-2023-0035

Sicheng Guo, Liyuan Gu, Yajie Zhang, Yingxia Wu, Bin Tan, Xianbo Zheng, Xia Ye, Jun Cheng, Wei Wang, Shuwen Bi, Zesen Qiao, Yujing Huang, Peng Chen, Jidong Li, Jiancan Feng

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The jujube witches' broom (JWB) disease, called "Zaofeng" disease in Chinese, is associated with the JWB phytoplasma ('Candidatus Phytoplasma ziziphi') and causes heavy losses in the jujube industry. JWB disease has been recorded since the 1950s. Diseased trees have symptoms such as shoot proliferation, leaf-like flowers. The JWB phytoplasma is assigned to the 16SrV group, subgroup 16SrV-B, according to 16S rRNA gene sequence. The JWB phytoplasma is transmitted by leafhoppers and can infect a few plants other than jujube. Infection with phytoplasma affects biochemical and physiological process, altering the expression of genes encoding some transcription factors and functional genes, mainly involved in biotic stress response. The genome of JWB phytoplasma 'nky' strain has been sequenced and consists of 750,803 bp within one circular chromosome that encodes 694 protein-coding genes. The pathogenic mechanisms of a few JWB phytoplasma effectors have been investigated. The presence of JWB phytoplasma has been detected through symptoms observation, ELISA, DAPI staining and PCR, but new techniques, such as LAMP and CRISPR/Cas-12 based visual assay, have recently been developed. Some resistant jujube cultivars have been selected by infection screening. Although treatment with tetracycline antibiotics is effective, comprehensive control measures, including orchard management and sanitary measures, are needed for disease control. Further studies are needed in development of JWB phytoplasma culture method, expansion of genomic information, and phytoplasma effectors, resistance-related gene identification and resistant genotype developing.

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枣树妖帚病:导致枣树疯狂的细菌

枣树巫术病(JWB)，中文称为枣风病，与JWB植物原体('Candidatus phytoplasma ziziphi')有关，给枣树产业造成严重损失。自20世纪50年代以来，已有JWB疾病的记录。病树的症状是枝条增生，花叶状。根据16S rRNA基因序列，将JWB植原体归入16SrV类群，16SrV- b亚群。JWB植物原体主要由叶蝉传播，除枣树外，其他几种植物均可感染。植物原体感染会影响植物的生化生理过程，改变一些转录因子和功能基因的表达，主要参与生物应激反应。JWB植原体“nky”株基因组测序结果表明，该株基因组全长750,803 bp，位于一条环状染色体内，编码694个蛋白编码基因。对几种JWB植物原体效应物的致病机制进行了研究。通过症状观察、ELISA、DAPI染色和PCR检测到JWB植物原体的存在，但最近开发了新的技术，如LAMP和基于CRISPR/Cas-12的视觉检测。通过侵染筛选，选育出一些抗侵染品种。虽然使用四环素类抗生素治疗是有效的，但需要采取包括果园管理和卫生措施在内的综合控制措施。在JWB植原体培养方法的开发、基因组信息的扩展、植原体效应物、抗性相关基因的鉴定和抗性基因型的开发等方面有待进一步研究。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Fruit Growing Research Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agronomy and Crop Science

CiteScore

0.10

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

8 weeks

期刊介绍： FRUIT GROWING RESEARCH is an international journal, which has been issued under the care of the Research Institute for Fruit Growing Pitesti, Romania. Fruit growing research is an annual journal aimed at disseminating significant research and original papers on genetic resources, breeding of deciduous fruit trees species; fruit sustainable technologies – environment protection; propagation, virology and tissue culture, postharvest, that can be of interest to a wide audience of plant scientists in all areas of fruit growing. An international Editorial Board advises the journal.