THE CONTENT OF MUSIC EDUCATION IN THE UNIFIED LABOR SCHOOLS OF THE YELISAVETGRAD REGION IN THE 20S OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY

Abstract

The article deals with the issue of studying the peculiarities of the content of music education in secondary schools - the unified labor schools of the Yelisavethrad region in the 20s of the twentieth century. The author draws attention to the need to address this problem as a means of studying the retrospective of school music and educational experience during the development of Ukrainian statehood in order to update it and introduce it into the educational process of our time, which is especially necessary in the period of filling the content of music education in the New Ukrainian School. Based on the analysis of archival documents, the article argues that changes in the educational system of the Yelisavethrad region took place in February 1919 and were associated with the establishment of Soviet power in the region. In the unified labor schools, introduced by the new government, art was seen as a means of organizing children's life, uniting the children's team and forming collective skills; the musical discipline "singing" became compulsory and was taught twice a week at both levels (the first level - grades 1-4; the second - grades 5-7). Along with the numerous refusals of teachers to teach singing due to lack of musical and theoretical knowledge, lack of musical ear, weak voice, etc., the author gives a positive example of the author's singing program by teacher O. Kosovsky, the content of which was built on the principles of accessibility, gradualness and connection with national musical culture and was implemented through musical-theoretical and vocal-choral activities. The article also analyzes the requirements for the content of music education that existed during the period under study. As a result, the author of the article concludes that music education after 1918 is characterized by the renewal of its content through the introduction of works related to the state communist ideology and the introduction of the best examples of Ukrainian musical art into the program, as well as the emergence of new forms of music education (musical and rhythmic activity, active listening and children's creativity).