The current status of simulation training and certification for thoracic surgery in Europe: a scoping review

Abstract

Background: The past two decades have seen increasingly rapid advances in new surgical techniques and procedures in thoracic surgery. One of the greatest challenges is to educate and train thoracic surgeons in a safe and patient-free environment. The content of surgical training and education differs significantly among European countries. A common European training and certification structure might provide better opportunities to educate competent thoracic surgeons in the future. The objective of this article is to summarize the current state of educational programs and certification within thoracic surgery in Europe.