Dietary practice and its association with glycemic control among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Ethiopia: A multi-center cross-sectional study

Q3 Medicine
Firegenet Asnake Kitaw, Muluken Zeleke Megiso, Indris Ahmed Yesuf, Bersabel Hilawi Tewodros, Yohannes Shiferaw Shaweno, Blen Solomon Teklu, Mefthe Fikru Berhanu, Edengenet Solomon Weldesenbet
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder that needs a comprehensive management plan. The integral role of nutrition therapy in diabetes management is getting special attention in guidelines though the practice is in a primitive stage, especially in resource limited settings where lifestyle modifications have a large role in the overburdened healthcare system. Understanding the current dietary practice and its effect on disease control in settings where a tertiary level care is provided is a critical step in providing targeted intervention. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess dietary practice and its association with level of glycemic control among individuals with T2DM who were on follow-up at two large tertiary hospitals in Ethiopia.Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to March 2023 among 314 systematically selected individuals with T2DM who were on follow-up at diabetes clinics of St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College and Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital. Data was collected using a pre-tested structured questionnaire and summarized using frequency and median (interquartile range). To examine the association of dietary practice with level of glycemic control, a binary logistic regression model was run at 5% level of significance where Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) and 95% CI for AOR were used to interpret the results.Results: From the 314 participants, 146 (46.5%) patients had adequate knowledge regarding the recommended dietary practices and only 42 (13.4%) of the individuals practiced a healthy diet. A total of 107 (34.1%, 95% CI=29.0%-39.2%) had optimal glycemic control. Poor dietary practice (AOR=7.93, 95% CI=2.63-23.89, p<0.001), obesity (AOR=2.74, 95% CI=1.05-7.18%, p=0.04), and taking combination oral anti-diabetic drugs (AOR=6.22, 95% CI=3.05-12.69, p<0.001) were significantly associated with suboptimal glycemic control.Conclusions: Dietary knowledge and practice among individuals with T2DM were very low, as is the level of glycemic control, which are similar to studies conducted years back, indicating a lack of improvement in the desired behavior over time. Poor dietary practice in turn was associated with suboptimal glycemic control. It is important to target interventions that enhance the understanding and application of dietary practice in these individuals.
埃塞俄比亚2型糖尿病患者的饮食习惯及其与血糖控制的关系:一项多中心横断面研究
背景:2型糖尿病(T2DM)是一种慢性代谢性疾病,需要全面的治疗计划。营养治疗在糖尿病管理中的整体作用在指南中得到了特别的关注,尽管这种做法还处于初级阶段,特别是在资源有限的环境中,生活方式的改变在负担过重的医疗保健系统中起着很大的作用。了解目前的饮食习惯及其在提供三级保健的环境中对疾病控制的影响是提供有针对性干预的关键一步。因此,本研究的目的是评估在埃塞俄比亚两家大型三级医院随访的2型糖尿病患者的饮食习惯及其与血糖控制水平的关系。方法:以医院为基础的横断面研究于2023年1月至3月对在圣保罗医院千禧医学院和提库尔安贝萨专科医院糖尿病门诊随访的314例系统选择的2型糖尿病患者进行了随访。数据采用预先测试的结构化问卷收集,并使用频率和中位数(四分位数范围)进行汇总。为了检验饮食习惯与血糖控制水平之间的关系,在5%显著性水平下运行二元logistic回归模型,其中校正优势比(AOR)和校正优势比的95% CI用于解释结果。结果:在314名参与者中,146名(46.5%)患者对推荐的饮食习惯有足够的了解,只有42名(13.4%)患者实行健康饮食。共有107例(34.1%,95% CI=29.0%-39.2%)血糖控制最佳。不良饮食习惯(AOR=7.93, 95% CI=2.63 ~ 23.89, p= 0.001)、肥胖(AOR=2.74, 95% CI=1.05 ~ 7.18%, p=0.04)和联合服用口服降糖药(AOR=6.22, 95% CI=3.05 ~ 12.69, p= 0.001)与血糖控制不佳显著相关。结论:T2DM患者的饮食知识和实践非常低,血糖控制水平也很低,这与几年前的研究相似,表明随着时间的推移,期望的行为缺乏改善。不良的饮食习惯反过来又与血糖控制不佳有关。重要的是要有针对性的干预措施,以提高这些个体对饮食实践的理解和应用。
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来源期刊
Ethiopian Medical Journal
Ethiopian Medical Journal Medicine-Medicine (all)
CiteScore
0.40
自引率
0.00%
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0
期刊介绍: The Ethiopian Medical Journal (EMJ) is the official Journal of the Ethiopian Medical Association (EMA) and devoted to the advancement and dissemination of knowledge pertaining to the broad field of medicine in Ethiopia and other developing countries. Prospective contributors to the Journal should take note of the instructions of Manuscript preparation and submission to EMJ as outlined below.
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