The state of lipid exchange in persons living in the territory of environmental illusion

Abstract

Introduction. Currently, it is important to consider the issues of diagnosing nonspecific disorders occurred due to exposure of residents to chemicals in cities with chemical industry enterprises on the territory. Materials and methods. Working 30–60 year men, permanently residing downwind from the industrial site of LLC “Usolekhimprom” in the territory exposed to mercury in the city of Usolye-Sibirskoye, were examined. Results. The maximum concentration of total cholesterol (TCH) was 8.7 mmol/L, cholesterol (CH) of low density lipoproteins (LDL) – 6.0 mmol/L, triglycerides (TG) – 2.3 mmol/L, phospholipids – 5.5 mmol/L. The minimum content of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL cholesterol) was 0.5 mmol/L. In terms of the prevalence of disorders, hypercholesterolemia held the first place – 63% of cases, the second – a high level of LDL cholesterol – 59%, the third – an increase in ApoB – 45%. Hyperphospholipidemia occurred in 35%, hypertriglyceridemia – in 23%. Reduced HDL cholesterol was recorded in 5.3%. Low concentration of Apo A1 was registered in 20% of cases. A high level of atherogenic index was common among 16%. The prevalence of high LDL-CH was consistent with that of hypercholesterolemia, as evidenced by the correlation coefficient between the indices (R=0.77) and between the level of TCH and Apo B (R=0.80). A HDL cholesterol high level does not always indicate the antiatherogenic ability of lipoproteins, and therefore the revealed low prevalence of hypoalphacholesterolemia in the examined individuals (lower than in Russia - 16%) does not indicate antiatherogenic changes. The triglyceridemia level was associated with the ApoB concentration, which indicates its contribution to the development of proatherogenic disorders. A possible mechanism of hyperphospholipidemia is the formation of a compensatory-adaptive stimulus to the phospholipids synthesis in response to hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia. Limitations. Male persons. Age 30–60 years. Conclusion. In persons living in the ecological trouble zone, a high frequency of lipid metabolism disorders was revealed. This fact can be considered as one of the main predisposing factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases in this cohort.