Effects of gender and marital status on the perception of paternalistic leadership: A meta-analysis study

Abstract

This research aims to determine the overall effect size of gender and marital status on the perception of paternalistic leadership. In line with the research objective, studies on the perception of paternalistic leadership carried out between 2005 and 2022 in Türkiye were analysed with the meta-analysis method. Meta-analysis covered 22 studies on gender (n Gender=9569) and 10 studies on marital status (n Marital Status=6397) on the perception of paternalistic leadership. In this meta-analysis study utilising the random effects model, the Hedges' g value determining the standardised mean difference between the groups was used to calculate the effect sizes, and the origin of the heterogeneity in the research was tried to be determined by the moderator (sub-group) analyses. Research results revealed that the overall effect size of gender on the perception of paternalistic leadership was at a low level, with a value of 0.170, while the effect size of marital status was at a mean level, with a value of -0.523. However, it was determined in the moderator (sub-group) analyses that the effect size led to a statistically significant difference just in terms of sample groups in both gender and marital status variables.