Clinical anatomy of the m. flexor carpi radialis tendon sheath.

Abstract

At the transitional zone from the forearm to the hand the insertion tendon of the m.flexor carpi radialis (FCR) glides on a fibrous and fatty cushion, which is connected dorsally with the joint capsule of the radiocarpal articulation. The tendon distally crosses the palmar side of the scaphoid tubercle and enters the dorsally curved rim of the trapezoid tubercle. At the level of the wrist joint the narrow tendon sheath begins, which extends to the insertion at the metacarpus. Immediately after entering the gliding tunnel the tendon branches off radially as a rule with an accessory fibre strand 8 mm in width to the scaphoid, trapezium and the joint capsule between these two bones. The insertion tendon regularly is attached to the palmar and radial surfaces of the second and third metacarpal bones. The wall of the osteofibrous gliding tunnel can be prominent following trauma, inflammation or arthrosis deformans in the trapezio-scaphoideal joint and may irritate the tendon (tendovaginosis stenosans). Against resistance forces pain will occur in the wrist joint during palmar flexion. The typical point of tenderness is situated at the entering of the tendon in the thenar region. Operative decompression will be effective by opening the radial wall of the tendon sheath from the carpal tunnel.