Simulation of Mechanical Processes at the Contact Region of a Dental Implant with Bone Tissues Under Shock Wave Treatment

Abstract

Dental implants are becoming an increasingly important part of modern dental treatment. Developing an optimal implant surface design can improve osseointegration. Promising to increase the rate of osseointegration is the use of external shock wave therapy, which has proven itself for the treatment of fractures, bone defects, and bone tissue regeneration during surgery and arthroplasty. This work aims at a numerical investigation of the effects of low-energy shock wave therapy of various ranges on the mechanical behaviour of bone tissues, taking into account the physiological characteristics in the area of dental implant placement. Modelling was carried out using the method of movable cellular automata. Using computer simulation, it was found that the conditions for the regeneration of bone tissues at the near-contact zone with the implant of the jaw segment are created by a shock wave with an intensity of greater than 0.1 mJ/mm2.