Two new subterranean Typhlonesticus (Araneae: Nesticidae) from the Alps with notes on their ecology, distribution and conservation

IF 1.5 2区农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY

Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI:10.3897/asp.81.e106948

Marco Isaia, Giuseppe Nicolosi, Alessandro Infuso, Carles Ribera

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The spider genus Typhlonesticus Kulczyński, 1914 (Araneae: Nesticidae) includes seven species, most of which exhibiting strict preference for caves, abandoned mines and other subterranean habitats. In Italy the genus is represented by two species: T. morisii (Brignoli, 1975), an extremely narrow endemic species from SW-Alps with a very high level of subterranean adaptation and T. idriacus (Roewer, 1931), showing a much wider distribution in NE-Italy and poor adaptations to subterranean life. Our recent biospeleological surveys in the Alps lead to the discovery of new populations of highly troglomorphic Typhlonesticus that proved to belong to two new species based on morphological and molecular data. Considering the rarity of these new species, we provide general information on their ecology and distribution, including a comparative analysis of troglomorphic traits in Typhlonesticus in relation to biogeographic factors. Information on the conservation status, useful for assessing their extinction risk based on International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) guidelines, is also provided.

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阿尔卑斯地区新发现的两种地下蝗属(蜘蛛目:巢蝗科)及其生态、分布和保护情况

盲蛛属Kulczyński, 1914(蜘蛛目:盲蛛科)包括7种，其中大多数表现出对洞穴、废弃矿井和其他地下栖息地的严格偏好。在意大利，该属由两个种代表:T. morisii (Brignoli, 1975)和T. idriacus (Roewer, 1931)， T. morisii是西南阿尔卑斯山脉的一种非常狭窄的特有种，具有非常高的地下适应性，T. idriacus在意大利东北部的分布范围更广，对地下生活的适应性较差。我们最近在阿尔卑斯山的生物洞穴学调查中发现了高度同源性的新种群，根据形态学和分子数据证明属于两个新种。考虑到这些新种的罕见性，我们提供了它们的生态和分布的一般信息，包括与生物地理因素有关的伤寒菌的巨噬细胞特征的比较分析。此外，本网页亦提供有关保育情况的资料，有助根据国际自然保护联盟(IUCN)的指引，评估它们的灭绝风险。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Insect Science

CiteScore

2.50

自引率

5.60%

发文量

审稿时长

12 weeks

期刊介绍： Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny releases three times per year. Research fields covered are the taxonomy, morphology/anatomy, phylogeny (molecular or morphology-based), historical biogeography and palaeontology of arthropod taxa. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny is the successor of Entomologische Abhandlungen, formerly published by the Museum of Zoology Dresden, Germany.