Si-Xun Ge, Zhuo-Heng Jiang, Li-Li Ren, Cornelis van Achterberg, Jiang-Li Tan
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
The family Stephanidae (Hymenoptera) constitutes a unique group within the Apocrita, playing a pivotal role in the evolution of parasitoid wasps. Although the phylogeny of Stephanidae has been previously inferred, it remains at a low resolution when considering both extinct and extant genera, as well as the enigmatic extinct genus † Electrostephanus . Here, we undertake a revision of Stephanidae extinct, presenting descriptions of new specimens from late Cretaceous Burmese amber and early Eocene Baltic amber. Combining all extant and extinct genera, the phylogeny of Stephanidae was analyzed, incorporating 57 species within 21 genera based on 64 morphological characters. We apply both under maximum parsimony with equal weighting and implied weighting methods, with four species representing early Apocrita as outgroups. Divergence times are estimated by utilizing extinct taxa as calibration points. A new basal subfamily of stephanid wasp, †Lagenostephaninae subf. nov. was established, encompassing † Lagenostephanus and the newly described genera † Tumidistephanus gen. nov and † Neurastephanus gen. nov . The genus † Electrostephanus is redefined, with two species assigned under distinct genera, † Neurastephanus gen. nov. and † Aphanostephanus gen. nov. . We discuss some of the putative morphological synapomorphies of evolutionary significance within the phylogenetic framework. Our results complement several characteristics of great taxonomic importance for Stephanidae and provide new insights into the early evolution of the family.
茧蜂科(膜翅目)是寄生蜂科中一个独特的类群,在寄生蜂的进化过程中起着举足轻重的作用。虽然Stephanidae的系统发育已经被推断出来,但当考虑到灭绝的和现存的属,以及神秘的灭绝属†Electrostephanus时,它仍然是一个低分辨率。在此,我们对已灭绝的琥珀科进行了修订,提出了白垩纪晚期缅甸琥珀和始新世早期波罗的海琥珀的新标本描述。结合所有现存和已灭绝的属,根据64个形态特征,对菊科21属57种进行了系统发育分析。我们在最大简约性下采用等权法和隐含权法,用4个物种作为外群代表早期Apocrita。利用灭绝类群作为标定点,估计散度时间。刺花蜂属一新科,刺花蜂亚科。其中包括†Lagenostephanus和新发现的†Tumidistephanus gen. nov和†Neurastephanus gen. nov。重新定义了†电stephanus属,将其分为两个属:†Neurastephanus gen. 11和†Aphanostephanus gen. 11。我们在系统发育框架内讨论了一些假定的具有进化意义的形态学突触。我们的研究结果补充了Stephanidae在分类学上具有重要意义的几个特征,并为该科的早期进化提供了新的见解。
期刊介绍:
Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny releases three times per year. Research fields covered are the taxonomy, morphology/anatomy, phylogeny (molecular or morphology-based), historical biogeography and palaeontology of arthropod taxa.
Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny is the successor of Entomologische Abhandlungen, formerly published by the Museum of Zoology Dresden, Germany.