The Effect of Heavy Metals on Bacterial Community Structure and Functional Profile in Surface Soils of Baiji Oil Refinery and Baghdad City, Iraq

IF 2.2 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Geomicrobiology Journal Pub Date : 2023-10-18 DOI:10.1080/01490451.2023.2270482

Ahmed Ismael Naqee Al-Bayati, Hülya Saide Özkoç, Luay Burhan Mustafa, Ibrahim Özkoç

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

AbstractThe increasing accumulation of heavy metals (HMs) due to various human activities is a significant concern. This study has employed 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) spectrometry to investigate HMS concentrations and identify bacterial strains exhibiting resistance to HMS, and used the PICRUSt tool to assess the metabolic pathways of bacterial communities. Our primary focus was to assess HMs concentrations in the soils of Baghdad (BG) and the Baiji Oil Refinery (BOR) area while examining the bacterial diversity in these regions. The results revealed that the average levels of Cadmium (Cd) and Lead (Pb) in BOR were higher than in BG and the global average. In BOR, the most prevalent bacterial genera were Flavobacterium, Shewanella, and Pseudomonas. Using the PICRUSt tool, we identified that Cd and Pb substantially impacted the metabolic pathways of these bacterial communities. This study marks the first report in Iraq to employ 16S rRNA gene sequencing to analyze bacterial communities in Iraqi soil and investigate how HMs affect them. However, this study can serve as a reference for future research and the development of innovative strategies for the sustainable management of soil ecosystems.Keywords: Baiji oil refineryenvironmental assessmentheavy metal contaminationmetabolic pathwaysmetagenomics Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

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重金属对伊拉克白集炼油厂和巴格达市表层土壤细菌群落结构和功能的影响

摘要各种人类活动引起的重金属积累日益严重，已引起人们的广泛关注。本研究采用16S rRNA扩增子测序和电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定HMS浓度，鉴定对HMS耐药的菌株，并使用PICRUSt工具评估细菌群落的代谢途径。我们的主要重点是评估巴格达(BG)和Baiji炼油厂(BOR)地区土壤中的HMs浓度，同时检查这些地区的细菌多样性。结果表明，BOR中镉(Cd)和铅(Pb)的平均含量高于BG和全球平均水平。在BOR中，最常见的细菌属是黄杆菌、希瓦氏菌和假单胞菌。使用PICRUSt工具，我们发现Cd和Pb显著影响了这些细菌群落的代谢途径。这项研究标志着伊拉克首次使用16S rRNA基因测序来分析伊拉克土壤中的细菌群落，并调查HMs如何影响它们。然而，本研究可为未来土壤生态系统可持续管理的研究和创新策略的制定提供参考。关键词:白集炼油厂环境评价重金属污染代谢途径宏基因组披露声明作者未发现潜在利益冲突。

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来源期刊

Geomicrobiology Journal 环境科学-地球科学综合

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

8.70%

发文量

审稿时长

3.3 months

期刊介绍： Geomicrobiology Journal is a unified vehicle for research and review articles in geomicrobiology and microbial biogeochemistry. One or two special issues devoted to specific geomicrobiological topics are published each year. General articles deal with microbial transformations of geologically important minerals and elements, including those that occur in marine and freshwater environments, soils, mineral deposits and rock formations, and the environmental biogeochemical impact of these transformations. In this context, the functions of Bacteria and Archaea, yeasts, filamentous fungi, micro-algae, protists, and their viruses as geochemical agents are examined. Articles may stress the nature of specific geologically important microorganisms and their activities, or the environmental and geological consequences of geomicrobiological activity. The Journal covers an array of topics such as: microbial weathering; microbial roles in the formation and degradation of specific minerals; mineralization of organic matter; petroleum microbiology; subsurface microbiology; biofilm form and function, and other interfacial phenomena of geological importance; biogeochemical cycling of elements; isotopic fractionation; paleomicrobiology. Applied topics such as bioleaching microbiology, geomicrobiological prospecting, and groundwater pollution microbiology are addressed. New methods and techniques applied in geomicrobiological studies are also considered.