Gd2ZnMnO6/ZnO Ceramic Nanocomposites for the Cycloaddition of Carbon Dioxide, Amines, and Alkenes under Mild Conditions

Abstract

For the first time, Gd₂ZnMnO₆/ZnO ceramic nanocomposites (Gd₂ZnMnO₆/ZnO CNCs) were fabricated by a sol-gel auto-combustion process on the basis of a reaction between Gd, Zn and Mn nitrates and saffron as a green fuel. Gd₂ZnMnO₆/ZnO ceramic nanocomposites were greenly formed using saffron as a novel fuel and stabilizing agent. The morphology, phase, and anatomical purity of Gd₂ZnMnO₆/ZnO ceramic nanocomposites could be arranged by quantity and type of fuel, temperature, and reaction period. The specimens were explored by various microscopic and spectroscopic approaches. The uncontrolled release of carbon dioxide (CO₂) by industrial processes that acidify the oceans and warm the planet has prompted scientists to try different methods to capture CO₂ directly from waste water sources. The fabrication of green nanocatalysts with chemical modifications to create value-added products has many benefits. Considering the morphology of Gd₂ZnMnO₆/ZnO, an appropriate exteriorlayer for CO₂ imbibition was created in all catalystsites. Findings disclosed that Gd₂ZnMnO₆/ZnO positively affected the fabrication yield of 3-aryl-2-oxazolidinones by carbon dioxide, olefins, and anilines. The product was obtained with an excellent yield of 98%. This high yield was obtained in very mild conditions, such as a pressure of 2.5 atm of carbon dioxide at 80 °C for 3 h. The technique enjoyed profitable performance and forbearance of functional groups. The retrievable catalyst was recycled up to ten times for synthesis of 3-aryl-2-oxazolidinones without significant loss in its activity.