Samar Abd ElHafeez, Mahmoud A. Hassan, Esraa Abdellatif Hammouda, Abdelrahman Omran, Ola Fahmy Esmail, Amira Saad Mahboob, Mohamed Mostafa Tahoun, Dina Hussein El Malawany, Mohamed Kamal Eldwiki, Passent Ehab El-Meligy, Ehab Elrewany, Shaimaa Gadelkarim Ebrahim Ali, Amira Mahmoud Elzayat, Ahmed Ramadan, Abdelhamid Elshabrawy, Naglaa Youssef, Ramy Mohamed Ghazy
{"title":"Geospatial distribution of under-five mortality in Alexandria, Egypt: a cross-sectional survey","authors":"Samar Abd ElHafeez, Mahmoud A. Hassan, Esraa Abdellatif Hammouda, Abdelrahman Omran, Ola Fahmy Esmail, Amira Saad Mahboob, Mohamed Mostafa Tahoun, Dina Hussein El Malawany, Mohamed Kamal Eldwiki, Passent Ehab El-Meligy, Ehab Elrewany, Shaimaa Gadelkarim Ebrahim Ali, Amira Mahmoud Elzayat, Ahmed Ramadan, Abdelhamid Elshabrawy, Naglaa Youssef, Ramy Mohamed Ghazy","doi":"10.1186/s43054-023-00221-7","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Globally, infectious diseases, including pneumonia, diarrhea, and malaria, along with pre-term birth complications, birth asphyxia and trauma, and congenital anomalies remain the leading causes of death for under-five mortality (U5M). This study aimed to identify the geospatial pattern of U5M in Alexandria and its key determinants. Methodology We analyzed the geospatial distribution of 3064 deaths registered at 24 health offices reported from January 1, 2018 to June 30, 2019. We adopted two methods of analysis: geospatial analysis and the structural equation model (SEM). Result Neonates represented 58.7% of U5M, while post-neonates and children were 31.1%, 10.2%respectively. Male deaths were significantly higher compared to females ( P = 0.036). The main leading causes of U5M were prematurity (28.32%), pneumonia (11.01%), cardiac arrest (10.57%), congenital malformation (9.95%), and childhood cardiovascular diseases (9.20%). The spatial distribution of U5M (including the most common three causes) tends to be clustered in western parts of Alexandria (El Hawaria, Bahig, Hamlis, and Ketaa Maryiut). SEM showed the total effects of exogenous and intermediate variables on U5M. The U5M proportionately increased by living in rural areas (8.48), followed by crowding rate (8.35), household size (1.36), population size (0.52), and illiteracy average (0.06). On the contrary, the U5M decreased with increasing access to sanitation (-0.17) and access to drinking water (-4.55). Conclusion Illiteracy, and poor locality characteristics (household size, population density, and access to water supply and sanitation) were statistically significant predictors of U5M.","PeriodicalId":43064,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Pediatric Association Gazette","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5000,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Egyptian Pediatric Association Gazette","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43054-023-00221-7","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"PEDIATRICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Abstract Background Globally, infectious diseases, including pneumonia, diarrhea, and malaria, along with pre-term birth complications, birth asphyxia and trauma, and congenital anomalies remain the leading causes of death for under-five mortality (U5M). This study aimed to identify the geospatial pattern of U5M in Alexandria and its key determinants. Methodology We analyzed the geospatial distribution of 3064 deaths registered at 24 health offices reported from January 1, 2018 to June 30, 2019. We adopted two methods of analysis: geospatial analysis and the structural equation model (SEM). Result Neonates represented 58.7% of U5M, while post-neonates and children were 31.1%, 10.2%respectively. Male deaths were significantly higher compared to females ( P = 0.036). The main leading causes of U5M were prematurity (28.32%), pneumonia (11.01%), cardiac arrest (10.57%), congenital malformation (9.95%), and childhood cardiovascular diseases (9.20%). The spatial distribution of U5M (including the most common three causes) tends to be clustered in western parts of Alexandria (El Hawaria, Bahig, Hamlis, and Ketaa Maryiut). SEM showed the total effects of exogenous and intermediate variables on U5M. The U5M proportionately increased by living in rural areas (8.48), followed by crowding rate (8.35), household size (1.36), population size (0.52), and illiteracy average (0.06). On the contrary, the U5M decreased with increasing access to sanitation (-0.17) and access to drinking water (-4.55). Conclusion Illiteracy, and poor locality characteristics (household size, population density, and access to water supply and sanitation) were statistically significant predictors of U5M.
期刊介绍:
The Gazette is the official journal of the Egyptian Pediatric Association. The main purpose of the Gazette is to provide a place for the publication of high-quality papers documenting recent advances and new developments in both pediatrics and pediatric surgery in clinical and experimental settings. An equally important purpose of the Gazette is to publish local and regional issues related to children and child care. The Gazette welcomes original papers, review articles, case reports and short communications as well as short technical reports. Papers submitted to the Gazette are peer-reviewed by a large review board. The Gazette also offers CME quizzes, credits for which can be claimed from either the EPA website or the EPA headquarters. Fields of interest: all aspects of pediatrics, pediatric surgery, child health and child care. The Gazette complies with the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts submitted to biomedical journals as recommended by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE).