Assessment of Anthropogenic Impact on Ecosystem Service Safety of Agboyi River in Lagos, Southwestern, Nigeria

Tajudeen Olanrewaju Yahaya, Titilola Fausat Salisu, Abdulganiyu Yunusa, Emmanuel John, Abdulrahman Bashir Yusuf, None Abdulrazak Karabonde Umar, Oluwatosin Abe
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Abstract

The Agboyi River in Lagos, Nigeria provides important ecosystem services; however, anthropogenic activities are polluting the river, necessitating periodic monitoring. This study assessed the heavy metal content (lead, cadmium, chromium, copper, and arsenic) in water samples from the river. Additionally, we evaluated various physicochemical parameters, including pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), conductivity, hardness, magnesium, calcium, chloride, sulfate, and nitrate. The values of each heavy metal were used to calculate human average daily ingestion (ADI), average daily dermal exposure (ADDE), hazard quotient (HQ), and carcinogenic risk (CR). The physicochemical analysis revealed non-permissible levels of TDS, electrical conductivity, alkalinity, hardness, magnesium, calcium, sulfate, nitrate, chloride, and phosphate. The heavy metal analysis showed intolerable levels of lead, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, and copper. The ADIs for the heavy metals were within the recommended dietary intake (RDI), but their ADDEs exceeded the RDI, except for chromium. The HQ and CR for all heavy metals exceeded recommended limits. Seasonal variations were observed in the physicochemical parameters, with TDS, turbidity, acidity, nitrate, and phosphate being higher in the wet season, while other parameters were higher in the dry season. The water poses health hazards to users, indicating the need for river remediation.
尼日利亚西南部拉各斯Agboyi河生态系统服务安全的人为影响评价
尼日利亚拉各斯的Agboyi河提供重要的生态系统服务;然而,人为活动正在污染河流,需要定期监测。本研究评估了该河流水样中的重金属含量(铅、镉、铬、铜和砷)。此外,我们还评估了各种理化参数,包括pH值、总溶解固形物(TDS)、电导率、硬度、镁、钙、氯化物、硫酸盐和硝酸盐。每种重金属的值被用来计算人体平均每日摄入量(ADI)、平均每日皮肤暴露量(ADDE)、危害商(HQ)和致癌风险(CR)。理化分析显示,TDS、电导率、碱度、硬度、镁、钙、硫酸盐、硝酸盐、氯化物和磷酸盐的含量都不允许。重金属分析显示,铅、砷、镉、铬和铜的含量高得令人无法忍受。除铬外,各重金属的ADIs均在推荐膳食摄入量(RDI)范围内,但均超过推荐膳食摄入量。所有重金属的HQ和CR均超过建议限值。理化参数有明显的季节变化,TDS、浊度、酸度、硝酸盐和磷酸盐在雨季较高,而其他参数在旱季较高。这些水对使用者的健康构成危害,表明需要对河流进行修复。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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