Understanding Expatriates' Cultural Adjustment and Performance in International Assignments

Abstract

The aim of this research is to explore the experience of expatriates about cultural differences between home and host countries through a narrative inquiry. There is not enough information in the literature about expatriates’ experiences and how they see the role of cultural differences, cultural distance and cultural competences in adapting to international assignments. Therefore, main research question was how expatriates working in a large multinational pharmaceutical company perceive the role of cultural differences and cultural competencies in their adjustment and performance. A total of 12 expatriates from different home countries on assignment in different host countries participated in the research. A semi-structured, in-depth interview was used for data collection. Data analysis resulted in four major themes – preparation for the assignment, managing cultural differences, adaptation of leadership style, and adaptation to everyday life. The results showed that for a more successful adaptation and effectiveness, a better, longer-term and more comprehensive preparation is needed. Knowledge of cultural differences has proven to be important for work adjustment, but even more for everyday life adjustment and family well-being. Motivation for learning about host country and willingness to understand host culture stood out as key determinants for successful adjustment.