Characteristics and selection of near-fault simulated earthquake ground motions for nonlinear analysis of buildings

IF 3.1 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CIVIL
Maha Kenawy, David McCallen, Arben Pitarka
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Earthquake-induced ground shaking near rupturing faults is highly sensitive to the rupture characteristics, seismic wave propagation patterns and site conditions, and field recordings of near-fault shaking are relatively sparse. These challenges complicate the assessment of the seismic performance of near-fault structures. A common approach to representing near-fault ground motion in engineering analysis is to explicitly consider and select records with strong directivity pulses (pulse records). We use three-dimensional high-resolution physics-based earthquake simulations to test this approach in the context of scenario-based ground motion record selection, and to study the important characteristics of near-fault ground shaking. We highlight the deficiencies associated with classifying near-fault simulated records as “pulse” or “non-pulse,” based on the presence of a single dominating pulse in the velocity time history. We show that this approach is inadequate for characterizing near-fault shaking on soft soils which can be dominated by both forward rupture directivity and basin amplification effects. We conduct ground motion selection experiments for the analysis of near-fault structures with and without explicit classification of the pulse features in the records, and evaluate the bias in the predicted structural demands. We find that the maximum interstory drift demands on building structures imposed by unscaled site-specific simulated ground motion records selected based on relevant spectral shape features are not sensitive to the classification of records as pulse/non-pulse. Therefore, with regard to predicting the maximum interstory drifts in near-fault buildings, we do not find justification for the binary pulse classification of near-fault records.
近断层模拟地震地震动的特征和选择,用于建筑物的非线性分析
断裂附近的地震诱发地震动对断裂特征、地震波传播方式和场地条件高度敏感,近断层震动的现场记录相对较少。这些挑战使近断层构造抗震性能的评估复杂化。在工程分析中,表示近断层地震动的一种常用方法是明确考虑和选择具有强指向性脉冲的记录(脉冲记录)。我们使用基于三维高分辨率物理的地震模拟,在基于场景的地面运动记录选择背景下测试该方法,并研究近断层地面震动的重要特征。我们强调了将近断层模拟记录分类为“脉冲”或“非脉冲”的缺陷,这是基于在速度时间历史中存在单个主导脉冲。研究表明,这种方法不足以表征软土近断层震动,因为软土近断层震动主要受正向破裂指向性和盆地放大效应的影响。我们对近断层构造进行了地震动选择实验,分析了记录中有和没有明确分类的脉冲特征,并评估了预测结构需求的偏差。研究发现,基于相关频谱形状特征选择的非尺度特定场地模拟地震动记录对建筑物结构施加的最大层间漂移需求对脉冲/非脉冲记录的分类不敏感。因此,在预测近断层建筑物的最大层间漂移时,我们没有找到对近断层记录进行二元脉冲分类的理由。
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来源期刊
Earthquake Spectra
Earthquake Spectra 工程技术-工程:地质
CiteScore
8.40
自引率
12.00%
发文量
88
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Earthquake Spectra, the professional peer-reviewed journal of the Earthquake Engineering Research Institute (EERI), serves as the publication of record for the development of earthquake engineering practice, earthquake codes and regulations, earthquake public policy, and earthquake investigation reports. The journal is published quarterly in both printed and online editions in February, May, August, and November, with additional special edition issues. EERI established Earthquake Spectra with the purpose of improving the practice of earthquake hazards mitigation, preparedness, and recovery — serving the informational needs of the diverse professionals engaged in earthquake risk reduction: civil, geotechnical, mechanical, and structural engineers; geologists, seismologists, and other earth scientists; architects and city planners; public officials; social scientists; and researchers.
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