Au(III)への抽出能力と工業的な物性要件を両立する抽出溶媒の網羅的探索

Tatsuya OSHIMA
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Abstract

Ion solvation extraction has been used as a separation techniques for gold (Au(III)) from various metal ions in a hydrochloric acid media. Dibutyl carbitol (DBC) has been used as the most popular solvent to extract Au(III), while no better solvent has been found for many years. In the present review, the results of recent investigations by the authors to find valid solvents for ion solvation extraction are summarized. Ethers and ketones are suitable in view of the high extractability for Au(III) as well as the good properties including chemical stability. Ethers and ketones which have a smaller side chains and relatively higher polarity showed higher extractability, however, polar solvents would leak into the aqueous phase. Therefore suitable solvents with moderate polarity are narrowed down based on the balance between high extractability and low aqueous solubility. As the polarity affects the extractability, the logP value (octanol/water partition coefficient) and the Hansen solubility parameter would be one of the indexes for the Au(III) extractability. Solvents used in industrial processes are required to have not only high extractability but also good properties such as a low aqueous solubility and a high flash point. The comprehensive research revealed the requirements for solvents to extract Au(III) based on ion solvation. Additionally, several potential solvents which might replace DBC were suggested.
兼顾Au(III)提取能力和工业物性要求的提取溶剂的网罗探索
离子溶剂化萃取是一种在盐酸介质中从各种金属离子中分离金(Au(III))的技术。二丁基碳酸醇(DBC)是提取金(III)最常用的溶剂,但多年来一直没有找到更好的溶剂。本文综述了近年来离子溶剂萃取有效溶剂的研究进展。考虑到金(III)的高可萃取性和良好的性质,包括化学稳定性,醚和酮是合适的。侧链较小、极性较高的醚类和酮类具有较高的可萃取性,但极性溶剂会泄漏到水相中。因此,在高可萃取性和低水溶性之间取得平衡的基础上,选择了适合的中极性溶剂。由于极性影响萃取性,因此logP值(辛醇/水分配系数)和Hansen溶解度参数可作为评价Au(III)萃取性的指标之一。工业过程中使用的溶剂不仅要求具有高可萃取性,而且要求具有良好的性能,如低水溶性和高闪点。综合研究揭示了离子溶剂法提取Au(III)对溶剂的要求。此外,还提出了几种可能取代DBC的溶剂。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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