Distribution and status of Posidonia oceanica meadows on the North-Western coast of Algeria

Abstract

Posidonia oceanica is an endemic species of the Mediterranean Sea that in pristine coastal waters forms extensive meadows, which are, actually, exposed to natural and anthropogenic pressures, causing their regression throughout the basin. The aim of our study is to summarise and evaluate current knowledge about the characterisation of Posidonia oceanica along the Western Algerian coast, in order to provide new evidence about the distribution and health status this species. To realize our objectives, we combined extracted data from published articles, theses, results of project reports, in situ observations and laboratory analysis. The results show the presence of the meadows in fifteen coastal zones of Western Algeria, mainly located in shallow surface waters from 0.5 to 18 metres depth.The mean leaf length across all sites ranged from 153 to 667 mm. The mean number of leaves/shoot ranged between 4.7 ± 0.9 and 6.0 ± 0.5 leaves/shoot. Leaf length showed a highly significant difference between the cold and hot season. The data analysis shows that the leaf biometric values and the shoot densities of the P. oceanica are greater than those of Mediterranean samples although these measures tend to decrease deeply. The analyses carried out on structural features of P. oceanica show that the Western Algerian meadows are, globally, in good health status according to standardised scale. The available data on P. oceanica summarised in this article represent an important starting point to build effective plans for understanding levels of environmental threats and for supporting conservation strategies for these important ecosystems. Conversely, the limited information available on this seagrass along the Western Algerian costs only allows the description of some structural features, and permits us to draw overall conclusions on its general health status.