Uncertainty and Forest Concessions in a Globalized World: Insights into Local Access to Forest Resources in Mozambique

Abstract

Forest-based communities are embedded in complex and uncertain global processes. We aim to understand the repercussions of uncertainty on forest-based livelihoods through a focus on implications in terms of access to resources for inhabitants of forest concessions. Uncertainty is conceptualized as unpredictability (not knowing), limited knowledge (knowing too little), and ambiguity (knowing too much, too differently). This research is based on document analysis and a case study in Zambezia Province, Mozambique. In-depth interviews and observations were conducted in local communities and triangulated with interviews with NGOs, researchers, and government officials. The findings indicate that multiple actors draw on formal and informal institutions to mediate access to forest-derived resources, which exacerbates uncertainties. Unpredictability, limited knowledge, and ambiguity undermine access to such resources for local communities. This paper contributes to an understanding of uncertainty and suggests a collaborative approach to reduce and cope with different uncertainties in the quest toward sustainable forest-based livelihoods.