Agency control through the appointed hierarchy: presidential politicization of unilateral appointees

IF 16.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI:10.1017/s0143814x23000272

Gary E. Hollibaugh, Lawrence S. Rothenberg

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Abstract Schedule C and noncareer Senior Executive Service positions hold significant influence over policy outcomes, yet they have received limited scrutiny compared to advise and consent (PAS) appointments. Such appointments offer understudied avenues for presidential control over the bureaucracy. Through a comprehensive analysis of more detailed data than has been employed to date, we reveal that these appointments are responsive to broader political dynamics, particularly those relevant to PAS appointments, including inter- and intrabranch conflicts, agency ideology, Senate workload, and the political calendar. However, statutory constraints and agency characteristics – such as the managerial expertise of appointed agency leadership – also shape their utilization. While unilateral appointments provide an advantage to Presidents, executives are constrained when using them to overcome legislative opposition or reshape resistant agencies. These lower-level appointments reflect the wider political landscape, granting the President significant – but not unrestrained – opportunities to exert influence on both the bureaucracy and policy outcomes.

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通过任命层级控制机构:总统单方面任命的政治化

附表C和非职业高级管理人员服务职位对政策结果具有重大影响，但与建议和同意(PAS)任命相比，他们受到的审查有限。这样的任命为总统控制官僚机构提供了未经研究的途径。通过对迄今为止使用的更详细数据的全面分析，我们发现这些任命是对更广泛的政治动态的反应，特别是与PAS任命相关的政治动态，包括分支机构内部和分支机构之间的冲突、机构意识形态、参议院工作量和政治日历。但是，法定限制和机构特点- -例如任命的机构领导的管理专门知识- -也影响了它们的利用。虽然单方面任命给总统带来了优势，但高管们在利用这些任命来克服立法反对或重塑有阻力的机构时受到了限制。这些较低级别的任命反映了更广泛的政治格局，赋予总统重要的(但不是无限制的)机会对官僚机构和政策结果施加影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.