Therapeutic and preventive measures in adolescent girls with emerging polycystic ovary syndrome

Abstract

Relevance . The manifestation of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) in adolescence differs significantly from that in adult women and is often hidden under the mask of physiological changes of puberty, which leads to late diagnosis of this disease. However, there is currently there is no convincing and reliable evidence on the advisability of using a number of medications for the treatment of this syndrome in adolescent girls. From this perspective, the first-line therapy inpuberty, with emerging PCOS, is lifestyle modification. Aim : to evaluate the effectiveness of therapeutic lifestyle modification (LSM) and micronutrient support in adolescent girls with PCOS. Materials and Methods . Forty female patients aged 16 to 18 years with a diagnosis of emerging PCOS were included in a prospective study. The patients were divided into 2 groups of 20 subjects each. The 1st group (the main one) – the patients who were recommended to modify their lifestyle in combination with micronutrients (inositol, folic acid, vitamin D, polyunsaturated fatty acids of the omega‑3 family); the 2nd group (the control group) – the girls who were recommended to modify their lifestyle to correct the symptoms of PCOS. The patients’ state was evaluated at the start of treatment, after 3 and 6 months. Results . The best results were seen in Group 1 (LSM +micronutrients) – a statistically significant effect of combined therapy on the metabolic status was found: a decrease in fasting glucose and insulin levels, lower cholesterol levels, normalization of the body mass index; on the hormonal background: a decrease in androstenedione levels, total testosterone, normalization of the LH/FSH ratio, a decrease in the clinical manifestations of hyperandrogenism; on menstrual cycle recovery with spontaneous ovulation. Conclusion . The use of micronutrient support, along with LSM, is an effective means of correcting the clinical manifestations of developing PCOS in adolescent girls, as well as the prevention of the negative effects of the disease.