The Effects of Spectators on National Basketball Association Free Throw Performance

IF 0.8 Q4 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL

Journal of Motor Learning and Development Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.1123/jmld.2023-0023

Logan T. Markwell, Harjiv Singh, Andrew J. Strick, Jared M. Porter

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Abstract

Free throw shooting percentage has averaged around 75% for nearly five decades. However, free throw percentages significantly increased to 79% during the 2020 spectator-less National Basketball Association season. The current study investigated if the elevated free throw shooting percentage observed during the spectator-less season has returned to the 50-year average now that spectators have returned to National Basketball Association arenas. Moreover, home and away free throw percentages were examined to determine if a potential home-field advantage contributed to this phenomenon. Analyses revealed that the free throw shooting percentage from the spectator-less season was significantly higher than the two spectator-filled seasons preceding and following the spectator-less season. Furthermore, the analyses found no differences in free throw percentages between home and away games. While the free throw shooting percentage increased to 79% during the spectator-less season, the free throw shooting percentage returned to the 50-year average (i.e., ∼75%), following the spectator-less season. Additionally, it does not appear that a perceived home-field advantage influenced the increased free throw performance observed in the spectator-less season. Multiple factors likely contributed to this free throw phenomenon, including the environmental characteristics shaped by the lack of spectators.

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观众对nba罚球表现的影响

近50年来，罚球命中率平均在75%左右。然而，在2020年没有观众的nba赛季中，罚球命中率显著提高到79%。目前的研究调查了在观众少的赛季中观察到的罚球命中率是否已经回到了50年的平均水平，因为观众已经回到了nba赛场。此外，研究人员还检查了主客场罚球命中率，以确定是否潜在的主场优势导致了这一现象。分析显示，无观众赛季的罚球命中率明显高于无观众赛季之前和之后的两个有观众的赛季。此外，分析发现主客场比赛的罚球命中率没有差异。虽然在没有观众的赛季，罚球命中率上升到79%，但在没有观众的赛季之后，罚球命中率又回到了50年的平均水平(即75%)。此外，在没有观众的赛季中，似乎没有感觉到主场优势影响罚球表现的增加。多种因素可能导致了这种罚球现象，包括由于缺乏观众而形成的环境特征。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Motor Learning and Development Medicine-Orthopedics and Sports Medicine

CiteScore

2.20

自引率

15.40%

发文量

期刊介绍： The Journal of Motor Learning and Development (JMLD) publishes peer-reviewed research that advances the understanding of movement skill acquisition and expression across the lifespan. JMLD aims to provide a platform for theoretical, translational, applied, and innovative research related to factors that influence the learning or re-learning of skills in individuals with various movement-relevant abilities and disabilities.