Unraveling the Threads of Confidence Exploring the Impact of Self-Efficacy on Collective Self-Esteem among University Students

Abstract

This research paper aims to investigate the influence of self-efficacy (SE) on collective self-esteem (CSE) among university students at the University of Swabi. The study also explores gender-based distinctions, family systems, and areas of residence as well as socio-economic status among the study variables. The main hypotheses of the study propose that SE positively affects collective self-esteem among students, female graduates will exhibit higher SE compared to male students, male students at the University of Swabi will have higher CSE compared to female students, SE will be higher in upper-class students compared to middle and lower-class students, and lower-class students will have higher collective self-esteem than middle and upper-class students. A survey research design was employed to collect data from a random sample of 200 students from the faculty of social sciences at the University of Swabi, including an equal number of men and women participants. Data were collected using established scales, including the General Self-Efficacy (GSE) Scale and the Collective Self-Esteem (CSE) Scale. The data were analyzed using statistical tools in SPSS, including normality checks, descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, independent sample t-tests for gender differences, and an ANOVA for socioeconomic status differences. The results may have implications for educational institutions in supporting students' self-efficacy and fostering a positive collective self-esteem environment.