Transonic galactic wind model including stellar feedbacks and application to outflows in high/low-z galaxies

IF 2.2 4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
Asuka Igarashi, Masao Mori, Shin-ya Nitta
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Abstract

Abstract Galactic winds play a crucial role in the ejection of the interstellar medium (ISM) into intergalactic space. This study presents a model that classifies possible transonic solutions of galactic winds in the gravitational potential of the dark matter halo and stellar component under spherically symmetric and steady assumptions. Our model includes injections of mass and energy resulting from supernova feedback along a flow line. The mass flux in galactic winds is a critical factor in determining the acceleration process of the flow and revealing the impact of galactic winds on galaxy evolution. We apply the transonic galactic wind model to the observed outflow velocities of star-forming galaxies to estimate the mass flux. Dividing the mass flux by the star formation rate (SFR) yields the mass loading rate (and mass loading factor), which indicates the entrainment effect of the ISM by the hot gas flow. Our results demonstrate that the mass loading rate is inversely correlated with galaxy mass and SFR. In less massive galaxies (stellar mass ∼107−8 M⊙), the mass loading rate exceeds unity, indicating effective ejection of the ISM into intergalactic space. However, in massive galaxies (stellar mass ∼1010−11 M⊙), the mass loading rate falls below unity, meaning that the mass flux cannot exceed the injected mass by supernovae, thus resulting in ineffective ejection of the ISM.
包含恒星反馈的跨音速星系风模型及其在高/低z星系外流中的应用
星系风在星际介质(ISM)喷射到星系间空间中起着至关重要的作用。本研究提出了一个模型,在球对称和稳定的假设下,对暗物质晕和恒星成分的引力势中星系风的可能跨音速解进行分类。我们的模型包括由超新星沿着流线反馈产生的质量和能量的注入。星系风中的质量通量是决定星系风加速过程和揭示星系风对星系演化影响的关键因素。我们将跨音速星系风模型应用于观测到的恒星形成星系的流出速度来估计质量通量。用质量通量除以恒星形成速率(SFR)得到质量加载率(和质量加载因子),它表示热气流对ISM的夹带效应。我们的结果表明,质量加载率与星系质量和SFR呈负相关。在质量较小的星系(恒星质量~ 107−8 M⊙),质量加载率超过1,表明ISM有效地弹射到星系间空间。然而,在大质量星系(恒星质量~ 1010−11 M⊙)中,质量加载率低于1,这意味着质量通量不能超过超新星注入的质量,从而导致ISM的无效喷射。
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来源期刊
Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan
Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan 地学天文-天文与天体物理
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
13.00%
发文量
98
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan (PASJ) publishes the results of original research in all aspects of astronomy, astrophysics, and fields closely related to them.
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