What is the Danger of Psychological Stress for Pregnant Women and How to Reduce its Impact on the Course of Pregnancy and Perinatal Outcomes

Abstract

Aim: assess the impact of psycho-emotional stress on the course of pregnancy at various times, as well as consider the possibility of reducing it with the help of vitamin-mineral complexes. Key Points. Pregnant women, like all others, are influenced by a variety of stress factors, and about 30% of them at different stages of gestation realize clinical manifestations of psychological stress. The article considers issue related to the causes of psychological stress before and during pregnancy, identifies the most vulnerable categories of women. Data on the influence of psychological stress on pregnancy outcomes and postnatal development are presented. Attention is paid to modern ideas about the pathogenesis of the damaging effect of psychological stress on various body systems, including the microbiome. Emphasis is placed on the role of an obstetrician-gynecologist as an attending physician in the timely identification of women with signs of psychological stress, in the organization of non-drug care and rational pharmacological support. Pathogenetically justified possibilities of using vitamin and mineral complexes to compensate for the negative effects of psychological stress at the preconception stage and during pregnancy were discussed. Conclusion. Stress before and during pregnancy affects the offspring in the long term, disrupting their physical condition, negatively affecting the functions of the central nervous system. In modern obstetric practice, medical alertness, timely consultation with specialists and the full use of all the possibilities of non-drug and pharmacological support aimed at overcoming anxiety and stress at each stage of gestation will be relevant. Key words: psychological stress, pregnancy, perinatal complications, anemia, vitamin and mineral complexes.