Gender Disparity in Education and Health in India: A Comprehensive Analysis

Abstract

Gender disparity is a pervasive issue in India, affecting various sectors but most notably education and health. Despite significant economic progress and social reforms, the inequalities between men and women remain deeply entrenched. This paper explores the various dimensions of gender disparity, drawing on empirical studies and policy reports to provide a comprehensive overview. In the educational sector, women continue to lag behind in enrollment and literacy rates, largely due to societal norms, economic constraints, and safety concerns. Similarly, in the realm of healthcare, women face higher mortality rates and have limited access to medical services. These disparities are not uniform across the country and exhibit significant state-wise variations. For instance, states like Kerala and Himachal Pradesh have made commendable progress in gender parity, whereas Uttar Pradesh and Bihar lag considerably. Policy initiatives have been introduced to address these disparities, yet their effectiveness has been limited. The paper concludes by emphasizing the need for multi-faceted interventions that adopt a gender-sensitive approach. Policymakers, civil society, and all other stakeholders must collaborate to address the root causes of these disparities, including societal norms and economic barriers, to foster a more equitable society.