A review on the use and scope of finger millet (Ragi) in prevention and management of non-communicable diseases

Abstract

Ragi (Eleusine coracana L.), or finger millet, is one of the ancient millets used as a staple food in India. Modernization has created an impact on the food habits of humans. Refined flours, polished grains, newly harvested grains, processed and preservative-added foods are causative factors for lifestyle diseases namely diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, obesity, lung disorders, gluten enteropathy, and hormonal imbalances. Good quality nutritional food is essential for maintaining health. The Indian government is endeavoring to introduce traditional food practices to the globe. International Year of Millets 2023 has widely gained the global attention toward millets and their health benefits. Millets are nutri-cereals and are vital part of grains in Indian foods. Ragi is a prime millet crop with nutritional, therapeutic, and commercial importance. Ragi contains high amounts of calcium, and protein with well-balanced essential amino acids. Thus, ragi is an ideal food for diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cancer. Its high fiber content prevents constipation, high blood pressure, and gluten intolerance. It has demonstrated the ability to control blood glucose levels due to low glycemic index (54–68) and insoluble fibers, which helps to control blood glucose levels in hyperglycemia, making it an essential food for diabetes. It is pesticide-free, easy to grow, and cost-effective crop, hence a choice for commercial gains. The current review presents ragi’s significance in preventing and managing non-communicable diseases.