High efficiency spin-decoupled modulation using chiral C2-symmetric meta-atoms

Chen, Haohan, Wu, Jiepeng, He, Minglei, Wang, Hao, Wu, Xinen, Fan, Kezhou, Liu, Haiying, Li, Qiang, Wu, Lijun, Wong, Kam Sing
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Abstract

Orthogonal circularly polarized light is essential for multiplexing tunable metasurfaces. Mainstream spin-decoupled metasurfaces, consisting of numerous meta-atoms with mirror symmetry, rely on the cooperative modulation of the Pancharatnam-Berry (PB) phase and the propagation phase. This paper demonstrates spin-decoupled functionality through the synergistic utilization of planar chiral meta-atom phase response and PB phase. Based on the Jones calculus, it has been found that meta-atoms with chiral C2-symmetry owns a larger geometric parameter range with high cross-polarization ratio compared to those with mirror symmetry or higher symmetries at the same aspect ratio. This characteristic is advantageous in terms of enabling high-efficiency manipulation and enhancing the signal-to-noise ratio. As an example, 10 kinds of C2-symmetry chiral meta-atoms with a H-like shape are selected by the self-adaptive genetic algorithm to attain a full 2$\pi$ phase span with an interval of $\pi$/5. To mitigate the additional propagation phase change of the guided modes originated from the arrangement alternation upon the rotation of the meta-atoms, the enantiomer of chiral meta-atoms and its PB phase delay are adopted to minimize the difference between the actual and desired target phases. A polarization-insensitive metalens and a chiral virtual-moving metalens array are designed to demonstrate the spin-decoupled function with both high efficiency and signal-to-noise ratio. The work in this paper may trigger more exciting and interesting spin-decoupled multiplexing metasurfaces and broaden the prospect of chiroptical applications.
利用手性c2对称元原子的高效自旋解耦调制
正交圆偏振光对于多路可调超表面是必不可少的。主流的自旋解耦超表面是由大量具有镜像对称性的元原子组成的,依赖于Pancharatnam-Berry (PB)相位和传播相位的协同调制。本文通过平面手性元原子相响应和PB相的协同利用证明了自旋解耦功能。基于Jones演算发现,具有手性c2对称的元原子在具有高交叉极化比的情况下比具有镜面对称或更高对称性的元原子具有更大的几何参数范围。这种特性在实现高效率操作和提高信噪比方面是有利的。作为例子,采用自适应遗传算法选择了10种具有h形的c2对称手性元原子,获得了完整的2$\pi$相跨度,间隔为$\pi$/5。为了减轻由于元原子旋转时排列变化引起的导模附加传播相位变化,采用手性元原子的对映体及其PB相延迟来减小实际与期望的目标相差。设计了偏振不敏感的超构透镜阵列和手性虚动超构透镜阵列,实现了自旋解耦功能,具有高效率和高信噪比。本文的工作可能会引发更多令人兴奋和有趣的自旋解耦多路复用超表面,并拓宽其在热学领域的应用前景。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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