Endodontic periodontal lesions: A complex nexus

Abstract

The pulp and the periodontium are interrelated structures formed from the ectomesenchymal derivates of the enamel organ, the dental papilla, and the dental sac, respectively. This inter-relationship is not only developmental, as age progresses the disease affecting the periodontium will progress to involve the dental pulp as well and vice versa. This lesion termed as the “Endodontic-Periodontal lesion” is quite complex and thus it is difficult to conclude whether the lesion is of periodontal or endodontic origin. Numerous clinicians have put forward their thoughts and experiences in the literature by classifying these lesions and also the management of varied types of these lesions. This review article aims to compile all the researcher’s view into a literature that describes the lesion in detail, the varied classification, etiological factors as well as contributing factors involved in the formation of this lesion, clinical and radiographic diagnosis, the effects of pulp and periodontium as a result of disease involvement and the management of the lesion with various treatment modalities.