The evolution of tourism in the Algarve as depicted in Manuel da Fonseca's Algarvian Chronicles

IF 0.3 Q4 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Journal of Tourism History Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI:10.1080/1755182x.2023.2270979

Sílvia Quinteiro, Ana Cláudia Salgueiro Silva

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Chronologically located at the end of the 1960s, the Algarvian Chronicles provide a vital picture of the development of the tourism industry in the Algarve at that time.KEYWORDS: Portugal; Algarve; literary landscapes; Manuel da Fonseca; Algarvian Chronicles; literaturetourism Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 See Cristina Fé Santos; A. Paulo Dias Oliveira and Alexandra Rodrigues, Fragmentos para a História do Turismo no Algarve (Faro: Centro de Estudos em Património, Paisagem e Construção – Universidade do Algarve, 2015); Pedro Vicente Coelho, ‘Turismo e Sustentabilidade na Região do Algarve’ (master's thesis, Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, 2018).2 Helena Buescu, O Poeta na Cidade: A Literatura Portuguesa na História (Lisboa: Imprensa Nacional, 2020), 27 (our translation).3 John Jameson, ‘Cultural Heritage Interpretation’, in Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology, ed. C. Smith (New York: Springer, 2020): 1–23.4 Christopher Brumann, ‘Cultural Heritage’, in International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, ed. James D. Wright (Oxford: Elsevier, 2015), 5: 414–9.5 Glenn Hooper and Tim Youngs, Perspectives on Travel Writing (Surrey: Ashgate Publishing, 2004), 14.6 Fernando Cristóvão, Condicionantes Culturais da Literatura de Viagens: Estudos e Bibliografias, vol. I (Coimbra: Almedina, 2002), 35.7 Maria de Fátima Outeirinho, ‘Percursos no Fim do Mundo: Patagónia Express e Final de Novela en Patagónia’, in Cadernos de Literatura Comparada – Viagens, (Porto: Instituto de Literatura Comparada Margarida Losa, 2008), 18: 70–86; (73). https://www.ilc-cadernos.com/index.php/cadernos/article/view/721 (our translation).8 Manuel da Fonseca, Crónicas Algarvias (Lisboa: Editorial Caminho, [1986] 1987), 46 (our translation).9 Ibid., 83–84 (our translation).10 Ibid., 119 (our translation).11 Ibid., 214 (our translation).12 Carlos Reis and Ana Cristina Lopes, Dicionário de Narratologia (Coimbra: Edições Almedina, [1987] 2011) [bold in the original], 87 (our translation).13 Massaud Moisés, A Criação Literária: Prosa (São Paulo: Editora Cultrix, [1967] 1987), 245 (our translation).14 Sandra Pesavento, O Imaginário da Cidade – Visões Literárias do Urbano – Paris, Rio de Janeiro e Porto Alegre (Porto Alegre: Ed. UFRGS, 1999), 181 (our translation).15 Maria de Lourdes Lima dos Santos, Intelectuais Portugueses na Primeira Metade de Oitocentos (Lisboa: Editorial Presença, 1988), 165 (our translation).16 João Gaspar Simões, Perspectiva Histórica de Ficção Portuguesa: Das Origens ao Século XX (Lisboa: Publicações Dom Quixote, 1987), 541 (our translation).17 Afrânio Coutinho, Introdução à Literatura no Brasil (Rio de Janeiro: Bertrand Brasil, [1959] 1995), 122 (our translation).18 Massaud Moisés, A Criação Literária: Prosa (São Paulo: Editora Cultrix, [1967] 1987), 247 (our translation).19 Eça de Queirós, ‘Crónica’, in Páginas de Jornalismo – O Distrito de Évora (Porto: Lello & Irmão, [6 janeiro 1867] 1981), 2: 7–8 (our translation).20 Manuel da Fonseca, Crónicas Algarvias (Lisboa: Editorial Caminho, [1986] 1987), 9 (our translation).21 Ibid., 11 (our translation).22 Carina Infante do Carmo, ‘Manuel da Fonseca: A Escrita do Fogo e das Cinzas do Humano’, Cena's. Publicação Cultural 14 (2013), 17–19 (our translation).23 Jaime Cortesão, Portugal: A Terra e o Homem (Lisboa: Imprensa Nacional-Casa da Moeda, [1966] 1995), 258 (our translation).24 Miguel Torga, Portugal (Coimbra: Editora Coimbra, 1950), 131 (our translation).25 Manuel da Fonseca, Crónicas Algarvias (Lisboa: Editorial Caminho, [1986] 1987), 197 (our translation).26 António Correia Mendes, ‘O Aeroporto de Faro como Infraestrutura Principal do Desenvolvimento Turístico da Região’, in Fragmentos para a História do Turismo no Algarve, ed. Alexandra Gonçalves, A. Paulo Dias Oliveira and Cristina Fé Santos (Faro: Centro de Estudos em Património, Paisagem e Construção/Faculdade de Ciências Humanas e Sociais da Universidade do Algarve, 2015), 261–4 (our translation).27 Maria da Graça Fernandes Pestana dos Santos Gonzalez Briz, ‘A Vilegiatura Balnear Marítima em Portugal (1870-1970): Sociedade, Arquitectura e Urbanismo’ (PhD thesis, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2003) (our translation).28 Manuel da Fonseca, Crónicas Algarvias (Lisboa: Editorial Caminho, [1986] 1987), 214 (our translation).29 Maria da Graça Fernandes Pestana dos Santos Gonzalez Briz, ‘A Vilegiatura Balnear Marítima em Portugal (1870-1970): Sociedade, Arquitectura e Urbanismo’ (PhD thesis, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2003), 80 (our translation).30 Antonio Candido, ‘A Vida ao Rés do Chão’, in Recortes (Rio de Janeiro: Ouro sobre Azul, 2004), 27 (our translation).31 José Dias Sancho, Deus Pan e Outros Contos (Guimarães: Opera Omnia, [1925] 2021) [italic in the original], 103–104 (our translation).32 Manuel da Fonseca, Crónicas Algarvias (Lisboa: Editorial Caminho, [1986] 1987), 70 (our translation).33 Ibid., 65–66 (our translation).34 Ibid., 72 (our translation).35 Ibid., 219 (our translation).36 Ibid., 169 (our translation).37 Ibid., 164 (our translation).38 Ibid., 131 (our translation).39 Vera Gouveia Barros, Turismo em Portugal (Lisboa: Fundação Francisco Manuel dos Santos, 2016), 53 (our translation).40 Alfredo de Magalhães Coelho, ‘O Planeamento e o Sector do Turismo’, Boletim do Comissariado do Turismo 3 (1967) (our translation).41 Ibid., 141 (our translation).42 Ibid., 172 (our translation).43 Carminda Cavaco, ‘Geografia e Turismo no Algarve: Aspectos contemporâneos’, Finisterra IV, no. 8 (1969): 228, 216–72, https://revistas.rcaap.pt/finisterra/article/view/2484 (our translation).44 Manuel da Fonseca, Crónicas Algarvias (Lisboa: Editorial Caminho, [1986] 1987), 74 (our translation).45 José Dias Sancho, Roteiro do Algarve (Lisboa: Empresa Nacional de Publicidade, 1928).46 Correia dos Santos, ‘O Turismo no Algarve’ (conferência apresentada na Casa do Algarve, Lisboa, Portugal, 1931).47 Manuel da Fonseca, Crónicas Algarvias (Lisboa: Editorial Caminho, [1986] 1987), 71 (our translation).48 Ibid., 224 (our translation).49 Ibid., 72 (our translation).50 Ibid., 113 (our translation).51 Ibid., 97 (our translation).52 Ibid., 172 (our translation).53 Ibid., 197–8 [italics in the original] (our translation).54 Alan A. Lew and Carolyn Cartier, eds., Seductions of Place: Geographical Perspectives on Globalization and Touristed Landscapes (Abingdon: Routledge, 2005).Additional informationNotes on contributorsSílvia QuinteiroSílvia Quinteiro, a professor of Literary heritage and Tourism, writes on Literature and Tourism, Literary Tourism and Comparative Literature. Among her recent books are Keyconcepts in Literature and Tourism Studies (CEC/UAlg 2018), Literary Hotels of Portugal (CIAC/UAlg 2022) and Working Definitions in Literature and Tourism: A Research Guide (CIAC/UAlg 2022).Ana Cláudia Salgueiro SilvaAna Cláudia Salgueiro Silva, a researcher in the field of Literature and Tourism and Portuguese Literature, writes on Literature and Tourism and Literary Tourism. 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Abstract

ABSTRACTJournalist, writer and poet Manuel da Fonseca departed Lisbon for the Algarve in August 1968. He was tasked with writing a set of chronicles about the region for the newspaper A Capital. The chronicles, published that year as ‘O Desafio do Algarve’ (‘The Challenge of the Algarve’), were later compiled in 1986 as a volume entitled Crónicas Algarvias (Algarvian Chronicles). This article focuses on the informative aspect of the text. Over the course of the 16 days during which Manuel da Fonseca travelled through the region, he drew a portrait of the territory and its people adapting to sun and beach tourism, as well as to tourists. Chronologically located at the end of the 1960s, the Algarvian Chronicles provide a vital picture of the development of the tourism industry in the Algarve at that time.KEYWORDS: Portugal; Algarve; literary landscapes; Manuel da Fonseca; Algarvian Chronicles; literaturetourism Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 See Cristina Fé Santos; A. Paulo Dias Oliveira and Alexandra Rodrigues, Fragmentos para a História do Turismo no Algarve (Faro: Centro de Estudos em Património, Paisagem e Construção – Universidade do Algarve, 2015); Pedro Vicente Coelho, ‘Turismo e Sustentabilidade na Região do Algarve’ (master's thesis, Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, 2018).2 Helena Buescu, O Poeta na Cidade: A Literatura Portuguesa na História (Lisboa: Imprensa Nacional, 2020), 27 (our translation).3 John Jameson, ‘Cultural Heritage Interpretation’, in Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology, ed. C. Smith (New York: Springer, 2020): 1–23.4 Christopher Brumann, ‘Cultural Heritage’, in International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, ed. James D. Wright (Oxford: Elsevier, 2015), 5: 414–9.5 Glenn Hooper and Tim Youngs, Perspectives on Travel Writing (Surrey: Ashgate Publishing, 2004), 14.6 Fernando Cristóvão, Condicionantes Culturais da Literatura de Viagens: Estudos e Bibliografias, vol. I (Coimbra: Almedina, 2002), 35.7 Maria de Fátima Outeirinho, ‘Percursos no Fim do Mundo: Patagónia Express e Final de Novela en Patagónia’, in Cadernos de Literatura Comparada – Viagens, (Porto: Instituto de Literatura Comparada Margarida Losa, 2008), 18: 70–86; (73). https://www.ilc-cadernos.com/index.php/cadernos/article/view/721 (our translation).8 Manuel da Fonseca, Crónicas Algarvias (Lisboa: Editorial Caminho, [1986] 1987), 46 (our translation).9 Ibid., 83–84 (our translation).10 Ibid., 119 (our translation).11 Ibid., 214 (our translation).12 Carlos Reis and Ana Cristina Lopes, Dicionário de Narratologia (Coimbra: Edições Almedina, [1987] 2011) [bold in the original], 87 (our translation).13 Massaud Moisés, A Criação Literária: Prosa (São Paulo: Editora Cultrix, [1967] 1987), 245 (our translation).14 Sandra Pesavento, O Imaginário da Cidade – Visões Literárias do Urbano – Paris, Rio de Janeiro e Porto Alegre (Porto Alegre: Ed. UFRGS, 1999), 181 (our translation).15 Maria de Lourdes Lima dos Santos, Intelectuais Portugueses na Primeira Metade de Oitocentos (Lisboa: Editorial Presença, 1988), 165 (our translation).16 João Gaspar Simões, Perspectiva Histórica de Ficção Portuguesa: Das Origens ao Século XX (Lisboa: Publicações Dom Quixote, 1987), 541 (our translation).17 Afrânio Coutinho, Introdução à Literatura no Brasil (Rio de Janeiro: Bertrand Brasil, [1959] 1995), 122 (our translation).18 Massaud Moisés, A Criação Literária: Prosa (São Paulo: Editora Cultrix, [1967] 1987), 247 (our translation).19 Eça de Queirós, ‘Crónica’, in Páginas de Jornalismo – O Distrito de Évora (Porto: Lello & Irmão, [6 janeiro 1867] 1981), 2: 7–8 (our translation).20 Manuel da Fonseca, Crónicas Algarvias (Lisboa: Editorial Caminho, [1986] 1987), 9 (our translation).21 Ibid., 11 (our translation).22 Carina Infante do Carmo, ‘Manuel da Fonseca: A Escrita do Fogo e das Cinzas do Humano’, Cena's. Publicação Cultural 14 (2013), 17–19 (our translation).23 Jaime Cortesão, Portugal: A Terra e o Homem (Lisboa: Imprensa Nacional-Casa da Moeda, [1966] 1995), 258 (our translation).24 Miguel Torga, Portugal (Coimbra: Editora Coimbra, 1950), 131 (our translation).25 Manuel da Fonseca, Crónicas Algarvias (Lisboa: Editorial Caminho, [1986] 1987), 197 (our translation).26 António Correia Mendes, ‘O Aeroporto de Faro como Infraestrutura Principal do Desenvolvimento Turístico da Região’, in Fragmentos para a História do Turismo no Algarve, ed. Alexandra Gonçalves, A. Paulo Dias Oliveira and Cristina Fé Santos (Faro: Centro de Estudos em Património, Paisagem e Construção/Faculdade de Ciências Humanas e Sociais da Universidade do Algarve, 2015), 261–4 (our translation).27 Maria da Graça Fernandes Pestana dos Santos Gonzalez Briz, ‘A Vilegiatura Balnear Marítima em Portugal (1870-1970): Sociedade, Arquitectura e Urbanismo’ (PhD thesis, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2003) (our translation).28 Manuel da Fonseca, Crónicas Algarvias (Lisboa: Editorial Caminho, [1986] 1987), 214 (our translation).29 Maria da Graça Fernandes Pestana dos Santos Gonzalez Briz, ‘A Vilegiatura Balnear Marítima em Portugal (1870-1970): Sociedade, Arquitectura e Urbanismo’ (PhD thesis, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2003), 80 (our translation).30 Antonio Candido, ‘A Vida ao Rés do Chão’, in Recortes (Rio de Janeiro: Ouro sobre Azul, 2004), 27 (our translation).31 José Dias Sancho, Deus Pan e Outros Contos (Guimarães: Opera Omnia, [1925] 2021) [italic in the original], 103–104 (our translation).32 Manuel da Fonseca, Crónicas Algarvias (Lisboa: Editorial Caminho, [1986] 1987), 70 (our translation).33 Ibid., 65–66 (our translation).34 Ibid., 72 (our translation).35 Ibid., 219 (our translation).36 Ibid., 169 (our translation).37 Ibid., 164 (our translation).38 Ibid., 131 (our translation).39 Vera Gouveia Barros, Turismo em Portugal (Lisboa: Fundação Francisco Manuel dos Santos, 2016), 53 (our translation).40 Alfredo de Magalhães Coelho, ‘O Planeamento e o Sector do Turismo’, Boletim do Comissariado do Turismo 3 (1967) (our translation).41 Ibid., 141 (our translation).42 Ibid., 172 (our translation).43 Carminda Cavaco, ‘Geografia e Turismo no Algarve: Aspectos contemporâneos’, Finisterra IV, no. 8 (1969): 228, 216–72, https://revistas.rcaap.pt/finisterra/article/view/2484 (our translation).44 Manuel da Fonseca, Crónicas Algarvias (Lisboa: Editorial Caminho, [1986] 1987), 74 (our translation).45 José Dias Sancho, Roteiro do Algarve (Lisboa: Empresa Nacional de Publicidade, 1928).46 Correia dos Santos, ‘O Turismo no Algarve’ (conferência apresentada na Casa do Algarve, Lisboa, Portugal, 1931).47 Manuel da Fonseca, Crónicas Algarvias (Lisboa: Editorial Caminho, [1986] 1987), 71 (our translation).48 Ibid., 224 (our translation).49 Ibid., 72 (our translation).50 Ibid., 113 (our translation).51 Ibid., 97 (our translation).52 Ibid., 172 (our translation).53 Ibid., 197–8 [italics in the original] (our translation).54 Alan A. Lew and Carolyn Cartier, eds., Seductions of Place: Geographical Perspectives on Globalization and Touristed Landscapes (Abingdon: Routledge, 2005).Additional informationNotes on contributorsSílvia QuinteiroSílvia Quinteiro, a professor of Literary heritage and Tourism, writes on Literature and Tourism, Literary Tourism and Comparative Literature. Among her recent books are Keyconcepts in Literature and Tourism Studies (CEC/UAlg 2018), Literary Hotels of Portugal (CIAC/UAlg 2022) and Working Definitions in Literature and Tourism: A Research Guide (CIAC/UAlg 2022).Ana Cláudia Salgueiro SilvaAna Cláudia Salgueiro Silva, a researcher in the field of Literature and Tourism and Portuguese Literature, writes on Literature and Tourism and Literary Tourism. Among her recent publications are “Literary hotels” in Literary Hotels of Portugal (CIAC/UAlg 2022) and “Literary Hotels” and “Library Hotels” in Working Definitions in Literature and Tourism: A Research Guide (CIAC/UAlg 2022).

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曼努埃尔·达·丰塞卡的《阿尔加维编年史》描绘了阿尔加维旅游业的发展

记者、作家和诗人曼努埃尔·达·丰塞卡于1968年8月离开里斯本前往阿尔加维。他受命为报纸《a Capital》撰写一套关于该地区的编年史。这本编年史在那一年以“O Desafio do Algarve”(“阿尔加维的挑战”)为名出版，后来在1986年编成一卷，题为Crónicas Algarvias(阿尔加维编年史)。本文侧重于文本的信息方面。在曼努埃尔·达·丰塞卡游历该地区的16天时间里，他描绘了该地区及其人民适应阳光和海滩旅游以及游客的肖像。《阿尔加维编年史》按年代顺序定位于20世纪60年代末，提供了当时阿尔加维旅游业发展的重要图景。关键词:葡萄牙;阿尔加维;文学景观;曼努埃尔·达·丰塞卡;Algarvian记录;披露声明作者未报告潜在的利益冲突。注1参见Cristina f<s:1> Santos;a . Paulo Dias Oliveira和Alexandra Rodrigues, Algarve Turismo的Fragmentos para a História(法罗:Centro de Estudos em Património, Paisagem e建设<e:1> -阿尔加维大学，2015);2 . Pedro Vicente Coelho，“Turismo e sustainable - abilidade na regi<s:1> o do Algarve”(硕士论文，里斯本研究所Universitário, 2018)2 . Helena Buescu, O Poeta na Cidade: A Literatura portuesa na História(里斯本:Imprensa Nacional, 2020)， 27(我们的翻译)约翰·詹姆森，《文化遗产解读》，载于《全球考古百科全书》，C.史密斯主编(纽约:施普林格出版社，2020年):1-23.4克里斯托弗·布鲁曼，《文化遗产》，载于《国际社会与行为科学百科全书》，詹姆斯·d·赖特主编(牛津:爱思维尔出版社，2015年)，5:414-9.5格伦·胡珀和蒂姆·扬斯，《旅行写作视角》(萨里:阿什盖特出版社，2004年)，14.6费尔南多Cristóvão，《Viagens的文化文学条件》:参考文献，卷一(科英布拉:阿尔梅迪纳，2002)，35.7 Maria de Fátima Outeirinho，“Percursos no film do Mundo: Patagónia Express e Final de Novela en Patagónia”，载于西班牙文学协会- Viagens，(波尔图:Instituto de Literatura Comparada Margarida Losa, 2008)， 18: 70-86;(73)。https://www.ilc-cadernos.com/index.php/cadernos/article/view/721(我们的翻译)9 . Manuel da Fonseca, Crónicas Algarvias(里斯本:Editorial Caminho，[1986] 1987)， 46(我们的翻译)同上，83-84(我们的翻译)同上，119(我们的翻译)同上，214(我们的翻译)13 . Carlos Reis和Ana Cristina Lopes, Dicionário de Narratologia(科英布拉:Edições Almedina，[1987] 2011)[原文粗体]，87(我们的翻译)马苏德·莫伊萨姆斯，A cria<s:1> <s:1> o Literária: Prosa (s<s:1> o Paulo: Editora Cultrix，[1967] 1987)， 245(我们的翻译).14Sandra Pesavento, O Imaginário da Cidade - Visões Literárias do Urbano - Paris, Rio de Janeiro e Porto Alegre (Porto Alegre:编辑，UFRGS, 1999)， 181(我们的翻译).1516 .玛丽亚·德·卢尔德·利马·多斯桑托斯，《葡萄牙知识分子与初级知识分子》(里斯本:编辑委员会，1988年)，165页(本刊翻译)17 .若<s:1>奥·加斯帕尔Simões，《葡萄牙经济<s:1>透视Histórica:关于s<s:1>的起源》(里斯本:Publicações《唐吉诃德》，1987)，541(我们的翻译)阿夫拉•尼科•库蒂尼奥，《巴西文学导论》(里约热内卢:Bertrand Brasil，[1959] 1995)， 122(我们的翻译).18马苏德·莫伊萨姆斯，A cria<s:1> <s:1> o Literária: Prosa (s.o Paulo: Editora Cultrix，[1967] 1987)， 247(我们的翻译).19ealada de Queirós， ' Crónica '，见Páginas de Jornalismo - O Distrito de Évora(波尔图:Lello & irm<e:1>， [6 janeiro 1867] 1981)， 2: 7-8(我们的翻译).20曼努埃尔·达·丰塞卡，Crónicas Algarvias(里斯本:Editorial Caminho，[1986] 1987)， 9(我们的翻译).21同上，11(我们的翻译)Carina Infante do Carmo，《Manuel da Fonseca: A escriita do Fogo e das Cinzas do Humano》，塞纳。公共<s:1>文化14(2013)，17-19(我方翻译).23葡萄牙:《人类的土地》(里斯本:Imprensa Nacional-Casa da Moeda，[1966] 1995)， 258页(我们的翻译).24米格尔·托尔加，葡萄牙(科英布拉:科英布拉编辑，1950年)，131(我们的翻译).25Manuel da Fonseca, Crónicas Algarvias(里斯本:Editorial Caminho，[1986] 1987)， 197(我们的翻译).26António Correia Mendes，“O Aeroporto de Faro como基础设施Principal do Desenvolvimento Turístico da regio”，在Fragmentos para a História do Turismo no Algarve，编辑。Alexandra gonalves, a . Paulo Dias Oliveira和Cristina f<s:1> Santos (Faro: Centro de Estudos em Património, Paisagem e contral<e:1> / faculty de Ciências Humanas e Sociais da Algarve university, 2015)， 261-4(我们的翻译)Maria da gralada Fernandes Pestana dos Santos Gonzalez Briz，“A Vilegiatura Balnear Marítima em Portugal (1870-1970): Sociedade, Arquitectura e Urbanismo”(博士论文，新里斯本大学，2003)(我们的翻译)。

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Journal of Tourism History HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM-

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期刊介绍： The Journal of Tourism History is the primary venue for peer-reviewed scholarship covering all aspects of the evolution of tourism from earliest times to the postwar world. Articles address all regions of the globe and often adopt interdisciplinary approaches for exploring the past. The Journal of Tourism History is particularly (though not exclusively) interested in promoting the study of areas and subjects underrepresented in current scholarship, work for example examining the history of tourism in Asia and Africa, as well as developments that took place before the nineteenth century. In addition to peer-reviewed articles, Journal of Tourism History also features short articles about particularly useful archival collections, book reviews, review essays, and round table discussions that explore developing areas of tourism scholarship. The Editorial Board hopes that these additions will prompt further exploration of issues such as the vectors along which tourism spread, the evolution of specific types of ‘niche’ tourism, and the intersections of tourism history with the environment, medicine, politics, and more.