The Conditional Association Between Populism, Ideological Extremity, and Affective Polarization

IF 1.9 3区社会学 Q2 COMMUNICATION

International Journal of Public Opinion Research Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI:10.1093/ijpor/edad014

Alberto Stefanelli

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Abstract

Abstract In recent years there has been an increasing interest in whether populism is related to opinion extremity. Yet, research on the topic offers little direct evidence on whether and under which conditions populist ideas at the individual level are related to policy extremity and inter-party dislike. This article aims to fill this gap by focusing on the reasons populist individuals hold more or less extreme opinions. Using data from the 2016 American National Electoral Study, I find that populist attitudes are a strong correlate of both ideological extremity and affective polarization, yet this association is conditional on respondent’s party affiliation. Populism is related to higher levels of ideological extremity among Democrats and stronger negative leader evaluations among Republicans. This finding indicates that the relationship between populism and citizens’ political judgements varies depending on the ability of populist leaders to make certain dimensions of the competition salient (i.e., ideological or affective) and exploit pre-existing ideological and partisan rivalries (i.e., party identity).

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民粹主义、意识形态极端与情感两极分化的条件关联

近年来，人们越来越关注民粹主义是否与舆论极端有关。然而，关于这一主题的研究几乎没有提供直接证据，证明个人层面的民粹主义思想是否以及在何种条件下与政策极端和党派间的厌恶有关。本文旨在通过关注民粹主义个人持有或多或少极端观点的原因来填补这一空白。利用2016年美国全国选举研究(American National Electoral Study)的数据，我发现民粹主义态度与意识形态极端和情感两极分化密切相关，但这种关联取决于受访者所属的政党。民粹主义与民主党人意识形态极端化程度较高以及共和党人对领导人的负面评价较高有关。这一发现表明，民粹主义与公民政治判断之间的关系取决于民粹主义领导人使竞争的某些维度突出(即意识形态或情感)并利用已有的意识形态和党派竞争(即政党认同)的能力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Public Opinion Research Multiple-

CiteScore

3.10

自引率

11.10%

发文量

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Public Opinion Research welcomes manuscripts that describe: - studies of public opinion that contribute to theory development and testing about political, social and current issues, particularly those that involve comparative analysis; - the role of public opinion polls in political decision making, the development of public policies, electoral behavior, and mass communications; - evaluations of and improvements in the methodology of public opinion surveys.