Analysis and multi-objective optimisation of wind turbine torque control strategies

IF 3.6 Q3 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Livia Brandetti, Sebastiaan Paul Mulders, Yichao Liu, Simon Watson, Jan-Willem van Wingerden
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Abstract. The combined wind speed estimator and tip-speed ratio (WSE–TSR) tracking wind turbine control scheme has seen recent and increased traction from the wind industry. The modern control scheme provides a flexible trade-off between power and load objectives. On the other hand, the Kω2 controller is often used based on its simplicity and steady-state optimality and is taken as a baseline here. This paper investigates the potential benefits of the WSE–TSR tracking controller compared to the baseline by analysis through a frequency-domain framework and by optimal calibration through a systematic procedure. A multi-objective optimisation problem is formulated for calibration with the conflicting objectives of power maximisation and torque fluctuation minimisation. The optimisation problem is solved by approximating the Pareto front based on the set of optimal solutions found by an explorative search. The Pareto fronts were obtained by mid-fidelity simulations with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) 5 MW turbine under turbulent wind conditions for calibration of the baseline and for increasing fidelities of the WSE–TSR tracking controller. Optimisation results show that the WSE–TSR tracking controller does not provide further benefits in energy capture compared to the baseline Kω2 controller. There is, however, a trade-off in torque control variance and power capture with control bandwidth. By lowering the bandwidth at the expense of generated power of 2 %, the torque actuation effort reduces by 80 % with respect to the optimal calibration corresponding to the highest control bandwidth.
风电机组转矩控制策略分析及多目标优化
摘要结合风速估计器和叶尖速比(WSE-TSR)跟踪风力发电机控制方案最近在风力行业得到了越来越多的关注。现代控制方案在功率和负载目标之间提供了灵活的权衡。另一方面,Kω2控制器由于其简单性和稳态最优性而经常被使用,并在这里作为基准。本文通过频域框架分析和系统程序的优化校准,研究了与基线相比,WSE-TSR跟踪控制器的潜在优势。针对功率最大化和扭矩波动最小化这两个相互冲突的目标,提出了一个多目标优化问题。基于探索性搜索找到的最优解集,通过逼近帕累托前沿来解决优化问题。利用国家可再生能源实验室(NREL) 5mw涡轮机在湍流风条件下进行中保真度模拟,获得了Pareto锋面,用于校准基线并提高WSE-TSR跟踪控制器的保真度。优化结果表明,与基线Kω2控制器相比,WSE-TSR跟踪控制器在能量捕获方面没有进一步的优势。然而,在转矩控制方差和功率捕获与控制带宽之间存在权衡。通过以降低2%的功率为代价降低带宽,相对于最高控制带宽对应的最佳校准,扭矩驱动的工作量减少了80%。
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来源期刊
Wind Energy Science
Wind Energy Science GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY-
CiteScore
6.90
自引率
27.50%
发文量
115
审稿时长
28 weeks
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