Application of water quality indices and geostatistical methods for analyzing mountain lakes in relation to anthropogenic influences and catchment features: a case study in East Sikkim, India

IF 1.6 Q3 WATER RESOURCES
Nilabhra Auddy, Rupa Sinha, Santasmita Das Bhattacharya, Krishnendu Kumar Pobi, Subhankar Dutta, Sumanta Nayek
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Abstract

Abstract Water quality, pollution level, and trophic conditions were assessed in Aritar Lake located in the Himalayas in East Sikkim, India, in relation to geo-environmental influences and anthropogenic activity in its catchment. A comprehensive method involving indexing and multivariate analyses was used. Geostatistical tools were employed to interpolate seasonal and spatial deviations in water quality, and nutrient and organic load distribution. Lake water nutrient index (NI) values were between 4.61 and 7.31, and 2.65 and 4.69 during pre- and post-monsoon seasons, respectively, indicating significant nutrient enrichment and eutrophic conditions. For both seasons, the estimated organic pollution index (OPI) showed class II contamination (contamination starting), with post-monsoon values being higher. The study shows clear signs of eutrophication and early organic pollution. Effective management plans and sustainable tourism practices may benefit the lake, by reducing contamination and protecting the integrity of its ecosystem.
应用水质指数和地质统计方法分析高山湖泊的人为影响和集水区特征:以印度东锡金为例
摘要对印度东锡金喜马拉雅地区阿里塔尔湖的水质、污染水平和营养状况进行了评价,并对其流域的地质环境影响和人为活动进行了分析。采用了包括索引和多变量分析在内的综合方法。利用地质统计工具插值水质、养分和有机负荷分布的季节和空间偏差。季风前季和季风后季湖泊水体营养指数(NI)分别在4.61 ~ 7.31和2.65 ~ 4.69之间,显示出明显的营养富集和富营养化状况。在两个季节,估计的有机污染指数(OPI)都显示为II级污染(污染开始),季风后的值更高。该研究显示了富营养化和早期有机污染的明显迹象。有效的管理计划和可持续的旅游实践可以通过减少污染和保护其生态系统的完整性来造福湖泊。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.30
自引率
6.20%
发文量
136
审稿时长
14 weeks
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