Personalism, personology, personalization, personalized education: On the terms and concepts

Abstract

The article highlights the history of the emergence and development of personalism in world science. We analyze modern terms and propose concepts, related to personalized education. The article reviews the works of famous scientists and philosophers in Russia and abroad (F. Schleiermacher, F. Aquinsky, E. Kant, E. Munier, etc.) and considers the issues of personality theory (theory of needs) in the works of G. A. Murray. We also present the views of leading Russian scientists – representatives of psychological science – on the issue under study (N. A. Berdyaev, L. M. Lopatin, etc.), identify and compare the definitions of the personalization concept, found in different fields of science (A. G. Asmolov, D. A. Leontiev, A. B. Orlov, V. A. Petrovsky, E. B. Starovoitenko), clarifying some modern definitions of the personalized education concept. The article determines the features of the personalized education concept (D. S. Ermakov, P. N. Kirillov, N. I. Koryakina) and notes the differences in the understanding and application of the terms “personalized learning” and “personalized approach to learning”. The personalized model of education in relation to secondary and higher education is characterized by the example of a higher school (Tyumen State University; a joint project of NUST “MISIS”, Tomsk University of Control Systems and Radio Electronics, MPSU).