Study on the Feasibility of the TG Method for Maximum Water Content Measurement of Waterlogged Archaeological Wood

IF 0.8 4区化学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Studies in Conservation Pub Date : 2023-11-09 DOI:10.1080/00393630.2023.2278358

Dawa Shen, Xuyao Gu, Hongying Zhang, Nicola Macchioni, Qian Cheng, Xingling Tian, Jing Du, Naisheng Li, Kaizheng Yuan

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

ABSTRACTThermogravimetry (TG) is used to measure the change of sample mass versus temperature or time under a program controlling temperature. It is a common thermal analysis tool with a precise built-in balance, and accurate data can be obtained through a small amount of sample at the level of milligrams. The feasibility of the TG method for determining maximum water content (MWC) measurement of waterlogged archaeological wood was studied. Simulated waterlogged wood and waterlogged archaeological wood were used to determine the test condition for the TG method. MWC data obtained through the oven-dry and TG methods with different mass gradients from 0–10 mg to >50 mg were analyzed statistically. Deviation, error bar, and coefficient of variation were evaluated. According to the results, when sample mass is no less than 30 mg, and holding time at 105°C is no less than 40 min, data deviation between these two methods is less than 5%. Effect of sampling depth and presence of inorganic deposits were also investigated. Specimens were taken from an archaeological wood with a sampling depth from 2 to 6 mm, then MWC was measured through the TG method. The results indicate MWC of the samples taken from a depth of 2–4 mm is higher than that taken from a depth of 0–2 mm and is lower than that taken from a depth of 4–6 mm, which is related to inorganic deposits. The presence of deposits was verified through SEM-EDX. MWC of three archaeological wood samples from China and five archaeological wood samples from Italy were measured to verify the effectiveness of the TG method when wood species and degradation degree are different.KEYWORDS: ThermogravimetryTGTGAwaterlogged woodarchaeological woodmaximum water contentMWCoven-dry method AcknowledgementsWood samples from the Shell Mount Site, Guye, Gaoming, Guangdong Province were supplied by Professor Yong Cui, Guangdong Provincial Archaeology Institute. Wood samples from Nanhai I Shipwreck were supplied by the Archaeology and Conservation Project of Nanhai I Shipwreck. Wood samples from Italy were supplied by CNR-IBE. The authors thank all of them mentioned above. This work was supported by China National Cultural Heritage Administration under Excellent Young Scientist Fund (2014269); Chinese Academy of Cultural Heritage under Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Foundation (2019-JBKY-06), and China’s National Key R&D Program (2020YFC1521800).Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by China's National Key R&D Program [grant number 2020YFC1521800]; China National Cultural Heritage Administration under Excellent Young Scientist Fund [grant number 2014269]; Chinese Academy of Cultural Heritage under Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Foundation [grant number 2019-JBKY-06].

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热重法测定考古淹水木材最大含水量的可行性研究

热重法(TG)是在程序控制温度的条件下，测量样品质量随温度或时间的变化。它是一种常见的热分析工具，内置精确的天平，通过少量的毫克级样品即可获得准确的数据。研究了热重法测定考古木材含水率(MWC)的可行性。采用模拟浸水木材和考古浸水木材确定热重法的试验条件。对0-10 mg ~ >50 mg不同质量梯度的烘箱干燥法和热重法所得MWC数据进行统计分析。评估偏差、误差条和变异系数。结果表明，当样品质量不小于30 mg, 105℃保温时间不小于40 min时，两种方法的数据偏差小于5%。考察了取样深度和有无无机沉积物的影响。从考古木材中取样，取样深度为2 ~ 6 mm，用热重法测定MWC。结果表明，2 ~ 4 mm深度样品的MWC高于0 ~ 2 mm深度样品的MWC，低于4 ~ 6 mm深度样品的MWC，这与无机沉积物有关。通过SEM-EDX验证了沉积物的存在。通过对来自中国的3个考古木材样品和来自意大利的5个考古木材样品的MWC测量，验证了TG方法在木材种类和降解程度不同时的有效性。关键词:热重法;浸水木材;考古木材;最大含水率;南海一号沉船的木材样品由南海一号沉船考古保护工程提供。意大利木材样品由CNR-IBE提供。作者感谢上面提到的所有人。国家文物局优秀青年科学家基金(2014269);中央公益性科研机构基础研究基金(2019-JBKY-06)和国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC1521800)资助的中国文化遗产研究院。披露声明作者未报告潜在的利益冲突。基金资助:国家重点研发计划[批准号:2020YFC1521800];中国国家文物局优秀青年科学家基金项目[批准号2014269];中央公益性科研机构基础研究基金中国文化遗产研究院[批准号2019-JBKY-06]。

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来源期刊

Studies in Conservation 化学-分析化学

CiteScore

1.80

自引率

12.50%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Studies in Conservation is the premier international peer-reviewed journal for the conservation of historic and artistic works. The intended readership includes the conservation professional in the broadest sense of the term: practising conservators of all types of object, conservation, heritage and museum scientists, collection or conservation managers, teachers and students of conservation, and academic researchers in the subject areas of arts, archaeology, the built heritage, materials history, art technological research and material culture. Studies in Conservation publishes original work on a range of subjects including, but not limited to, examination methods for works of art, new research in the analysis of artistic materials, mechanisms of deterioration, advances in conservation practice, novel methods of treatment, conservation issues in display and storage, preventive conservation, issues of collection care, conservation history and ethics, and the history of materials and technological processes. Scientific content is not necessary, and the editors encourage the submission of practical articles, review papers, position papers on best practice and the philosophy and ethics of collecting and preservation, to help maintain the traditional balance of the journal. Whatever the subject matter, accounts of routine procedures are not accepted, except where these lead to results that are sufficiently novel and/or significant to be of general interest.